Cytotoxicity of Reproductive Stage Leaf and Stem on HepG2 Cell Line.

BACKGROUND

The ayurvedic plant , a member of the Solanaceae family, has been used as a remedy for diverse health problems, including cancer.

OBJECTIVES

The objective of this investigation was to conduct a comparative analysis of the cytotoxic properties of methanolic extracts derived from the leaf, stem, and root of on HepG2 and L929 cell lines.

METHODS

Methanolic extracts were obtained using the Soxhlet extraction method. To assess the anticancer action on the HepG2 and L929 cell lines, an MTT assay was performed. Changes in cell morphology were observed using an inverted microscope.

RESULTS

The MTT assay results indicated that the leaf, stem, and root methanolic extracts of showed significantly higher cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells, with IC values of 43.06 ± 0.615, 45.60 ± 0.3, and 314.4 ± 0.795 g/mL than in L929 cell lines with 78.77 ± 0.795, 90.55 ± 0.800, and 361.70 ± 0.795 g/mL, respectively. The leaf methanolic extract was the most effective, followed by the stem methanolic extract in the HepG2 cell line.

CONCLUSION

The results of our study have confirmed that the methanolic extracts of both the leaf and stem of exhibit significant cytotoxicity in HepG2 cell lines, while displaying no significant cytotoxicity in the L929 cell line. Furthermore, the data obtained from the MTT assay indicate that the leaf methanolic extract possesses a more potent cytotoxic activity than the stem methanolic extract with respect to the HepG2 cell line. Further studies on the identification and isolation of bioactive metabolites are required to explore the mechanisms underlying their cytotoxicity.