Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2024 Sep;196(9):5656-5680. doi: 10.1007/s12010-023-04839-6. Epub 2024 Jan 4.
The development of reliable and eco-conscious processes for nanoparticle synthesis constitutes a significant element in nanotechnology. TiO nanoparticles (NPs) are becoming essential due to their potential uses in dentistry, surgery, agriculture, and pharmacy. This leads to the development of various procedures for producing TiO NPs using various physicochemical methods. Still, the drawbacks of these conventional methods are associated with the emission of toxic chemicals into the atmosphere and high energy demands in production, hence endangering the health and the environment. Problems issued are solved by green nanotechnology, which offers tools as nano-factories by utilizing biological sources to subside the improper effects of conventional methods and produces nanoparticles through synthesis methods that are clean, safe, energy-efficient, and cost-effective. Among the biogenic sources, microbial cells such as bacteria possess intrinsic pathways of converting metallic salt to nanoparticles due to their ability to produce reductase enzymes. Also, they can offer features to products such as high dispersity and produce sustainable nanoparticles at a large scale. Biosynthesized TiO NPs have high oxidizing potential and a wide range of applications, specifically as photosensitizers and antimicrobial agents. This review will address bacterial nano-factories that can be utilized for the biosynthesis of TiO NPs, the characterization of biosynthesized nanoparticles, and their potential application in wastewater treatment.
开发可靠且具有生态意识的纳米粒子合成工艺是纳米技术的重要组成部分。由于 TiO 纳米粒子（NPs）在牙科、外科、农业和制药方面的潜在用途，它们变得至关重要。这导致了使用各种物理化学方法生产 TiO NPs 的各种程序的发展。然而，这些传统方法的缺点与有毒化学物质排放到大气中以及生产过程中高能源需求有关，从而危及健康和环境。绿色纳米技术提供了纳米工厂等工具，利用生物来源来缓解传统方法的不当影响，并通过清洁、安全、节能和具有成本效益的合成方法生产纳米粒子，从而解决了这些问题。在生物来源中，由于细菌等微生物细胞能够产生还原酶，因此具有将金属盐转化为纳米粒子的内在途径，因此具有内在途径。此外，它们可以为产品提供高分散性等特性，并能够大规模生产可持续的纳米粒子。生物合成的 TiO NPs 具有高氧化潜力和广泛的应用，特别是作为光催化剂和抗菌剂。本文综述了可用于 TiO NPs 生物合成的细菌纳米工厂、生物合成纳米粒子的表征及其在废水处理中的潜在应用。
