National Laboratory for Health, Environment and Food (NLZOH), Maribor, Slovenia.
Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2024;1435:199-218. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-42108-2_10.
Clostridioides difficile, a Gram-positive spore-forming anaerobic bacterium, has rapidly emerged as the leading cause of nosocomial diarrhoea in hospitals. The availability of large numbers of genome sequences, mainly due to the use of next-generation sequencing methods, has undoubtedly shown their immense advantages in the determination of C. difficile population structure. The implementation of fine-scale comparative genomic approaches has paved the way for global transmission and recurrence studies, as well as more targeted studies, such as the PaLoc or CRISPR/Cas systems. In this chapter, we provide an overview of recent and significant findings on C. difficile using comparative genomic studies with implications for epidemiology, infection control and understanding of the evolution of C. difficile.
艰难梭菌，一种革兰阳性产芽孢的厌氧细菌，已迅速成为医院内源性腹泻的主要病原体。由于使用下一代测序方法，大量基因组序列的出现无疑显示了它们在确定艰难梭菌种群结构方面的巨大优势。精细的比较基因组方法的实施为全球传播和复发研究以及更有针对性的研究（如 PaLoc 或 CRISPR/Cas 系统）铺平了道路。在本章中，我们将概述使用比较基因组研究在流行病学、感染控制和艰难梭菌进化理解方面的最新重要发现。
