Javahershenas Ramin, Nikzat Sahand
Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
Chemical Physics Theory Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada.
Ultrason Sonochem. 2024 Jan;102:106741. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106741. Epub 2023 Dec 23.
Ultrasonic irradiation serves as a vigorous and environmentally sustainable approach for augmenting multicomponent reactions (MCRs), offering benefits such as thermal enhancement, agitation, and activation, among others. Malononitrile emerges as a versatile reagent in this context, participating in a myriad of MCRs to produce structurally diverse heterocyclic frameworks. This review encapsulates the critical role of malononitrile in the sonochemical multicomponent synthesis of these heterocyclic structures. The paper further delves into the biochemical and pharmacological implications of these heterocycles, elucidating their reaction mechanisms as well as delineating the method's scope and limitations. We furnish an overview of the merits and challenges inherent to this synthetic approach and offer insights for potential avenues in future research.
超声辐射是一种用于增强多组分反应（MCRs）的有力且环境可持续的方法，具有热增强、搅拌和活化等诸多益处。在此背景下，丙二腈成为一种通用试剂，参与众多MCRs以生成结构多样的杂环骨架。本综述概述了丙二腈在这些杂环结构的声化学多组分合成中的关键作用。本文进一步深入探讨了这些杂环的生化和药理意义，阐明了它们的反应机制，并界定了该方法的范围和局限性。我们概述了这种合成方法固有的优点和挑战，并为未来研究的潜在途径提供见解。
