Blair Jessica, Kempf Mirjam-Colette, Dionne Jodie A, Causey-Pruitt Zenoria, Wise Jenni M, Jackson Elizabeth A, Muntner Paul, Hanna David B, Kizer Jorge R, Fischl Margaret A, Ofotokun Igho, Adimora Adaora A, Gange Stephen J, Brill Ilene K, Levitan Emily B
Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
Schools of Nursing, Public Health, and Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
Open Forum Infect Dis. 2023 Dec 18;11(1):ofad642. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofad642. eCollection 2024 Jan.
Hypertension-related diseases are major causes of morbidity among women living with HIV. We evaluated cross-sectional associations of race/ethnicity and HIV infection with hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control.
Among women recruited into Southern sites of the Women's Interagency HIV Study (2013-2015), hypertension was defined as (1) systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg according to clinical guidelines when data were collected, (2) self-report of hypertension, or (3) use of antihypertensive medication. Awareness was defined as self-report of hypertension, and treatment was self-report of any antihypertensive medication use. Blood pressure control was defined as <140/90 mm Hg at baseline. Prevalence ratios for each hypertension outcome were estimated through Poisson regression models with robust variance estimators adjusted for sociodemographic, behavioral, and clinical risk factors.
Among 712 women, 56% had hypertension and 83% were aware of their diagnosis. Of those aware, 83% were using antihypertensive medication, and 63% of those treated had controlled hypertension. In adjusted analyses, non-Hispanic White and Hispanic women had 31% and 48% lower prevalence of hypertension than non-Hispanic Black women, respectively. Women living with HIV who had hypertension were 19% ( = .04) more likely to be taking antihypertension medication when compared with women living without HIV.
In this study population of women living with and without HIV in the US South, the prevalence of hypertension was lowest among Hispanic women and highest among non-Hispanic Black women. Despite similar hypertension prevalence, women living with HIV were more likely to be taking antihypertensive medication when compared with women living without HIV.
高血压相关疾病是感染艾滋病毒女性发病的主要原因。我们评估了种族/族裔和艾滋病毒感染与高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率和控制率之间的横断面关联。
在参与妇女机构间艾滋病毒研究南方站点（2013 - 2015年）招募的女性中，高血压定义为：（1）根据收集数据时的临床指南，收缩压≥140 mmHg或舒张压≥90 mmHg；（2）自我报告患有高血压；或（3）使用抗高血压药物。知晓率定义为自我报告患有高血压，治疗率定义为自我报告使用任何抗高血压药物。血压控制定义为基线时<140/90 mmHg。通过泊松回归模型估计每种高血压结局的患病率比，并使用稳健方差估计器对社会人口统计学、行为和临床风险因素进行调整。
在712名女性中，56%患有高血压，83%知晓自己的诊断。在知晓的患者中，83%正在使用抗高血压药物，接受治疗的患者中有63%血压得到控制。在调整分析中，非西班牙裔白人女性和西班牙裔女性的高血压患病率分别比非西班牙裔黑人女性低31%和48%。与未感染艾滋病毒的女性相比，感染艾滋病毒且患有高血压的女性服用抗高血压药物的可能性高19%（P = .04）。
在美国南部这个有或没有感染艾滋病毒的女性研究人群中，西班牙裔女性的高血压患病率最低，非西班牙裔黑人女性最高。尽管高血压患病率相似，但与未感染艾滋病毒的女性相比，感染艾滋病毒的女性服用抗高血压药物的可能性更高。
