Bleicher Lana, Cangussu Maria Cristina Teixeira
Departamento de Odontologia Social e Pediátrica, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia. Av. Araújo Pinho 62, Canela. 40110-150 Salvador BA Brasil.
Cien Saude Colet. 2024 Jan;29(1):e15942022. doi: 10.1590/1413-81232024291.15942022. Epub 2023 Apr 12.
The scope of this article is to analyze the evolution of the distribution of dentists and undergraduate courses in Dentistry in Brazil between 1960 and 2022, based on institutional data and its correlation with economic and demographic data. The proportions between number of dentists and population were calculated for the federative units in different periods, and the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) was used. to determine the concentration of dentists, population and undergraduate courses in Dentistry. The Pearson test was used, with a significance level of 95%, to test the correlation between variables. In the period from 1960 to 2022, the ratio of dentists per 10,000 inhabitants increased from 3.3 to 16.9. Moreover in 2022, the federative units with the highest average household income per capita were closely correlated with the highest concentration of dentists (R2= 0.90; p < 0.00). However, from 1975 to 2022, the concentration of dentists measured by the HHI dropped from 45.1 to 33.4. The decrease in the geographic concentration of Dentistry courses was even more pronounced, with the HHI rising from 39.3 in 1991, to 25.6 in 2022.
本文的范围是基于机构数据及其与经济和人口数据的相关性，分析1960年至2022年巴西牙医分布和牙科学本科课程的演变。计算了不同时期联邦单位中牙医数量与人口之间的比例，并使用赫芬达尔-赫希曼指数（HHI）来确定牙医、人口和牙科学本科课程的集中度。使用皮尔逊检验，显著性水平为95%，来检验变量之间的相关性。在1960年至2022年期间，每10000名居民中的牙医比例从3.3增加到了16.9。此外，在2022年，人均家庭收入最高的联邦单位与牙医集中度最高密切相关（R2 = 0.90；p < 0.00）。然而，从1975年到2022年，用HHI衡量的牙医集中度从45.1降至33.4。牙科学课程地理集中度的下降更为明显，HHI从1991年的39.3升至2022年的25.6。
