Department of Education and Psychology, Division of Experimental Psychology and Neuropsychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14159, Berlin, Germany.
Department of Education and Psychology, Division of Social, Organizational, and Economic Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci. 2024 Feb;24(1):126-142. doi: 10.3758/s13415-023-01151-y. Epub 2024 Jan 10.
A recent Cyberball study has indicated that the experience of loss of control can affect how people process subsequent social exclusion. This "preexposure effect" supports the idea of a common cognitive system involved in the processing of different types of social threats. To test the validity of this assumption in the current study, we reversed the sequence of the preexposure setup. We measured the effects of social exclusion on the subsequent processing of loss of control utilizing event-related brain potentials (ERPs) and self-reports. In the control group (CG, n = 26), the transition to loss of control elicited significant increases in both the P3 amplitude and the self-reported negative mood. Replicating the results of the previous preexposure study, these effects were significantly reduced by the preexposure to an independent social threat (here: social exclusion). In contrast to previous findings, these effects were not modulated by the discontinuation (EG1, n = 25) or continuation (EG2, n = 24) of the preexposure threat. Given that the P3 effect is related to the violation of subjective expectations, these results support the notion that preexposure to a specific social threat has widespread effects on the individuals' expectancy of upcoming social participation and control.
最近的一项 Cyberball 研究表明，失去控制的体验会影响人们如何处理随后的社会排斥。这种“预暴露效应”支持了一个共同的认知系统参与处理不同类型的社会威胁的观点。为了在当前研究中检验这一假设的有效性，我们颠倒了预暴露设置的顺序。我们利用事件相关脑电位（ERPs）和自我报告来测量社会排斥对随后失去控制的处理的影响。在对照组（CG，n = 26）中，向失去控制的转变引起了 P3 振幅和自我报告的负面情绪的显著增加。与之前的预暴露研究结果一致，这种影响被独立的社会威胁（这里是社会排斥）的预暴露显著降低。与之前的发现相反，这种影响不受预暴露威胁的中断（EG1，n = 25）或继续（EG2，n = 24）的调节。鉴于 P3 效应与违反主观期望有关，这些结果支持了这样一种观点，即预先接触特定的社会威胁会对个体对即将到来的社会参与和控制的期望产生广泛的影响。
