Davis P J, Schwartz G E
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1987 Jan;52(1):155-62. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.52.1.155.
The fundamental assumption that repression involves an inaccessibility to affective memories has not been directly addressed in empirical research. In the present study we examined three groups of subjects (repressors, low anxious, and high anxious) under six conditions of recall (general, happy, sad, anger, fear, and wonder). Subjects were asked to recall personal experiences from childhood and to rate their current mood and the affective intensity of the memories. The results indicated that repressors recalled significantly fewer negative memories than did low-anxious and high-anxious subjects and, furthermore, that they were substantially older at the time of the earliest negative memory recalled. Compared with low-anxious subjects, repressors also recalled fewer positive affective memories as well. This pattern of findings is consistent with the hypothesis that repression involves an inaccessibility to negative emotional memories and indicates further that repression is associated in some way with the suppression or inhibition of emotional experiences in general. The concept of repression as a process involving limited access to negative affective memories appears to be valid.
压抑涉及情感记忆难以触及这一基本假设在实证研究中尚未得到直接探讨。在本研究中，我们在六种回忆条件下（一般、快乐、悲伤、愤怒、恐惧和惊奇）对三组受试者（压抑者、低焦虑者和高焦虑者）进行了考察。受试者被要求回忆童年时期的个人经历，并对他们当前的情绪以及记忆的情感强度进行评分。结果表明，压抑者回忆起的负面记忆明显少于低焦虑和高焦虑受试者，此外，他们最早回忆起负面记忆时的年龄要大得多。与低焦虑受试者相比，压抑者回忆起的积极情感记忆也更少。这一研究结果模式与压抑涉及负面情绪记忆难以触及的假设相一致，并且进一步表明压抑在某种程度上与总体情绪体验的抑制或压抑有关。将压抑视为一个涉及对负面情感记忆有限获取的过程这一概念似乎是有效的。
