Rodríguez-Hernández Roy, Rondón-Barragán Iang Schroniltgen, Oviedo-Rondón Edgar O
Poultry Research Group, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tolima, Altos the Santa Helena, A.A 546, Ibague 730006299, Colombia.
Immunobiology and Pathogenesis Research Group, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tolima, Altos the Santa Helena, A.A 546, Ibague 730006299, Colombia.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Jan 4;14(1):168. doi: 10.3390/ani14010168.
Egg consumers worldwide have increased their concerns about laying hens' welfare and its impact on final egg product quality. This study compared the egg quality parameters under the conventional cage (CC) and cage-free (CF) egg production systems in the tropics. The study was conducted on a commercial farm in Colombia using Hy-Line Brown pullets, reared under the same conditions for the first 15 wks. At 16 wks, the hens were distributed into two housing systems, CC and CF, on the same farm. The hens were fed the same diet for each phase in both systems and feed intake varied slightly. Egg samples were collected every six wks, from 22 to 82 wks of age. A total of 3960 eggs were analyzed at 11 sampling times. Parameters such as albumen height, egg weight, yolk color, eggshell thickness, eggshell strength, and Haugh units were determined using a DET-6000 machine. At 22 and 82 wks, screening for spp. status was conducted using environmental and egg samples. Additionally, at 34, 64, and 82 wks, yolk samples were obtained for fatty acid profiles and crude protein (CP) analysis. The data were analyzed in a completely randomized block design with repeated measures (11 times): mean separation by Student's -test yolk pigmentation, Haugh Units, and albumen height ( < 0.001) were higher in the CF compared with the CC between 38 and 69 wks of age, and eggs at 63 and 82 wks ( < 0.05) were heavier in the CF compared to the CC. Likewise, eggs from the CC had better eggshell strength from 57 to 82 wks. In the egg yolk fatty acid profile at the 34th wk, the pentadecanoic, palmitic, and heptadecanoic acids had higher concentrations in the CF systems than the CC. At the 64th wk, the egg yolk fatty acids-lauric, myristic, and heptadecanoic-had higher concentrations in the CF; likewise, at the 82nd wk, egg yolks from the CC had higher concentrations of lauric, heptadecanoic, and nervonic fatty acids than the CF. The eggs and environmental samples were negative for spp. throughout the whole production phase. These results indicated that the production system might impact internal and external egg quality measures, potentially due to various stressors, including environmental factors or behavior restrictions.
全球的鸡蛋消费者越来越关注蛋鸡的福利及其对最终蛋产品质量的影响。本研究比较了热带地区传统笼养（CC）和非笼养（CF）蛋生产系统下的蛋品质参数。该研究在哥伦比亚的一个商业农场进行，使用海兰褐蛋鸡小母鸡，在前15周在相同条件下饲养。在16周时，母鸡被分配到同一个农场的两种饲养系统，即CC和CF中。两个系统中每个阶段的母鸡都喂食相同的日粮，采食量略有不同。从22周龄到82周龄，每六周收集一次蛋样。在11个采样时间共分析了3960个鸡蛋。使用DET - 6000机器测定蛋白高度、蛋重、蛋黄颜色、蛋壳厚度、蛋壳强度和哈夫单位等参数。在22周和82周时，使用环境和蛋样对特定菌种状态进行筛查。此外，在34周、64周和82周时，获取蛋黄样本进行脂肪酸谱和粗蛋白（CP）分析。数据采用完全随机区组设计并重复测量（11次）进行分析：在38至69周龄期间，CF组的蛋黄色素沉着、哈夫单位和蛋白高度（P < 0.001）均高于CC组，并且在63周和82周时，CF组的鸡蛋（P < 0.05）比CC组的更重。同样，在57至82周期间，CC组的鸡蛋蛋壳强度更好。在第34周的蛋黄脂肪酸谱中，CF系统中的十五烷酸、棕榈酸和十七烷酸浓度高于CC组。在第64周时，CF组的蛋黄脂肪酸——月桂酸、肉豆蔻酸和十七烷酸——浓度更高；同样，在第82周时，CC组的蛋黄中月桂酸、十七烷酸和神经酸的浓度高于CF组。在整个生产阶段，鸡蛋和环境样本的特定菌种检测均为阴性。这些结果表明，生产系统可能会影响蛋的内部和外部质量指标，这可能是由于包括环境因素或行为限制在内的各种应激源导致的。
