Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.
Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.
J Acad Nutr Diet. 2024 Nov;124(11):1419-1430.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2024.01.002. Epub 2024 Jan 11.
Higher diet quality scores are associated with a lower risk for many chronic diseases and all-cause mortality; however, it is unclear if diet quality is associated with aging biology.
This study aimed to examine the association between diet quality and a measure of biological aging known as epigenetic aging.
A cross-sectional data analysis was used to examine the association between three diet quality scores based on self-reported food frequency questionnaire data and five measures of epigenetic aging based on DNA methylation (DNAm) data from peripheral blood.
PARTICIPANTS/SETTING: This study included 4,500 postmenopausal women recruited from multiple sites across the United States (1993-98), aged 50 to 79 years, with food frequency questionnaire and DNAm data available from the Women's Health Initiative baseline visit.
Five established epigenetic aging measures were generated from HumanMethylation450 Beadchip DNAm data, including AgeAccelHannum, AgeAccelHorvath, AgeAccelPheno, AgeAccelGrim, and DunedinPACE.
Linear mixed models were used to test for associations between three diet quality scores (Healthy Eating Index, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension, and alternate Mediterranean diet scores) and epigenetic aging measures, adjusted for age, race and ethnicity, education, tobacco smoking, physical activity, Women's Health Initiative substudy from which DNAm data were obtained, and DNAm-based estimates of leukocyte proportions.
Healthy Eating Index, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension, and alternate Mediterranean diet scores were all inversely associated with AgeAccelPheno, AgeAccelGrim, and DunedinPACE (P < 0.05), with the largest effects with DunedinPACE. A one standard deviation increment in diet quality scores was associated with a decrement (β ± SE) in DunedinPACE z score of -0.097 ± 0.014 (P = 9.70 x 10) for Healthy Eating Index, -0.107 ± 0.014 (P = 1.53 x 10) for Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension, and -0.068 ± 0.013 (P = 2.31 x 10) for the alternate Mediterranean diet.
In postmenopausal women, diet quality scores were inversely associated with DNAm-based measures of biological aging, particularly DunedinPACE.
更高的饮食质量评分与许多慢性疾病和全因死亡率降低相关;然而，饮食质量是否与衰老生物学有关尚不清楚。
本研究旨在研究饮食质量与一种称为表观遗传衰老的生物衰老衡量标准之间的关系。
使用横断面数据分析，基于自我报告的食物频率问卷数据，研究了三种饮食质量评分与基于外周血 DNA 甲基化 (DNAm) 数据的五种表观遗传衰老指标之间的关联。
参与者/设置：本研究纳入了 4500 名来自美国多个地点的绝经后妇女（1993-98 年），年龄在 50 至 79 岁之间，基线时可获得食物频率问卷和来自妇女健康倡议的 DNAm 数据。
从 HumanMethylation450 Beadchip DNAm 数据中生成了五个已建立的表观遗传衰老指标，包括 AgeAccelHannum、AgeAccelHorvath、AgeAccelPheno、AgeAccelGrim 和 DunedinPACE。
使用线性混合模型检验三种饮食质量评分（健康饮食指数、停止高血压的饮食方法和替代地中海饮食评分）与表观遗传衰老指标之间的关联，调整了年龄、种族和民族、教育、吸烟、身体活动、获得 DNAm 数据的妇女健康倡议子研究以及基于 DNAm 的白细胞比例估计值。
健康饮食指数、停止高血压的饮食方法和替代地中海饮食评分均与 AgeAccelPheno、AgeAccelGrim 和 DunedinPACE 呈负相关（P < 0.05），与 DunedinPACE 的相关性最大。饮食质量评分每增加一个标准差，DunedinPACE z 评分降低 0.097 ± 0.014（P = 9.70 x 10），健康饮食指数降低 0.107 ± 0.014（P = 1.53 x 10），停止高血压的饮食方法降低 0.068 ± 0.013（P = 2.31 x 10）。
在绝经后妇女中，饮食质量评分与基于 DNAm 的生物衰老衡量标准呈负相关，尤其是 DunedinPACE。
