Ramadan Manal M, Mohamed Rasha S, Hussien Amal G, Mohawed Ola A M, Mabrouk Ahmed M, Mahmoud Abeer E, Ghanem Kadry Z, El-Messery Tamer M
Chemistry of Flavour and Aroma Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.
Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.
Heliyon. 2023 Dec 19;10(1):e23894. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23894. eCollection 2024 Jan 15.
This study investigated the effect of flavoured nanophytosomes loaded with vitamins A, E, D, B complex, folic acid, and C, as well as zinc on the immunosuppressive cyclosporin A (CsA)-induced liver and kidney injury in male rats. The vitamins flavoured nanophytosomes (VFnPs) were characterized in terms of particle size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency. Ice cream was flavoured with star anise volatile oil to mask the VFnPs' flavour and unacceptable taste. The study found that treatment with CsA alone resulted in increased (P > 0.05) levels of creatinine, urea, and MDA, as well as the activities of AST and ALT, while the levels of SOD, CAT, GST, proteins, CD4, INF-ᵧ, IL-6, IL-1β, and TLR4 decreased (P > 0.05). However, the group that received CsA simultaneously with VFnPs showed a significant (P > 0.05) decrease in the levels of creatinine, urea, and MDA, as well as the activities of AST and ALT, and increased (P > 0.05) levels of SOD, CAT, GST, proteins, CD4, INF-ᵧ, IL-6, IL-1β, and TLR4. The increase in the ratio of VFnPs had little effect on the physiochemical and sensory evaluation of the ice cream. Finally, the study suggests that VFnPs could potentially protect against CsA-induced liver and kidney injury and serve as a promising natural therapy for treating such conditions.
本研究调查了负载维生素A、E、D、复合维生素B、叶酸和维生素C以及锌的调味纳米植物脂质体对免疫抑制性环孢素A（CsA）诱导的雄性大鼠肝损伤和肾损伤的影响。对维生素调味纳米植物脂质体（VFnPs）的粒径、zeta电位和包封率进行了表征。用八角茴香油给冰淇淋调味，以掩盖VFnPs的气味和不良味道。研究发现，单独用CsA治疗会导致肌酐、尿素和丙二醛水平以及天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）和丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）活性升高（P>0.05），而超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶（GST）、蛋白质、CD4、干扰素γ（INF-γ）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）和Toll样受体4（TLR4）水平降低（P>0.05）。然而，同时接受CsA和VFnPs的组中，肌酐、尿素和丙二醛水平以及AST和ALT活性显著降低（P>0.05），而SOD、CAT、GST、蛋白质、CD4、INF-γ、IL-6、IL-1β和TLR4水平升高（P>0.05）。VFnPs比例的增加对冰淇淋的理化性质和感官评价影响不大。最后，该研究表明，VFnPs可能对CsA诱导的肝损伤和肾损伤具有保护作用，有望成为治疗此类病症的天然疗法。
