Etesami Hassan, Glick Bernard R
Soil Science Department, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.
Microbiol Res. 2024 Apr;281:127602. doi: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127602. Epub 2024 Jan 11.
Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), a fundamental phytohormone categorized under auxins, not only influences plant growth and development but also plays a critical role in plant-microbe interactions. This study reviews the role of IAA in bacteria-plant communication, with a focus on its biosynthesis, regulation, and the subsequent effects on host plants. Bacteria synthesize IAA through multiple pathways, which include the indole-3-acetamide (IAM), indole-3-pyruvic acid (IPyA), and several other routes, whose full mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated. The production of bacterial IAA affects root architecture, nutrient uptake, and resistance to various abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity, and heavy metal toxicity, enhancing plant resilience and thus offering promising routes to sustainable agriculture. Bacterial IAA synthesis is regulated through complex gene networks responsive to environmental cues, impacting plant hormonal balances and symbiotic relationships. Pathogenic bacteria have adapted mechanisms to manipulate the host's IAA dynamics, influencing disease outcomes. On the other hand, beneficial bacteria utilize IAA to promote plant growth and mitigate abiotic stresses, thereby enhancing nutrient use efficiency and reducing dependency on chemical fertilizers. Advancements in analytical methods, such as liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, have improved the quantification of bacterial IAA, enabling accurate measurement and analysis. Future research focusing on molecular interactions between IAA-producing bacteria and host plants could facilitate the development of biotechnological applications that integrate beneficial bacteria to improve crop performance, which is essential for addressing the challenges posed by climate change and ensuring global food security. This integration of bacterial IAA producers into agricultural practice promises to revolutionize crop management strategies by enhancing growth, fostering resilience, and reducing environmental impact.
吲哚 - 3 - 乙酸（IAA）是一种归类于生长素的基本植物激素，它不仅影响植物的生长发育，还在植物与微生物的相互作用中发挥关键作用。本研究综述了IAA在细菌 - 植物通讯中的作用，重点关注其生物合成、调控以及对宿主植物的后续影响。细菌通过多种途径合成IAA，包括吲哚 - 3 - 乙酰胺（IAM）、吲哚 - 3 - 丙酮酸（IPyA）以及其他几种途径，其完整机制仍有待充分阐明。细菌IAA的产生会影响根系结构、养分吸收以及对干旱、盐度和重金属毒性等各种非生物胁迫的抗性，增强植物的适应能力，从而为可持续农业提供了有前景的途径。细菌IAA的合成通过响应环境线索的复杂基因网络进行调控，影响植物激素平衡和共生关系。病原菌具有操纵宿主IAA动态的适应机制，影响疾病结果。另一方面，有益细菌利用IAA促进植物生长并减轻非生物胁迫，从而提高养分利用效率并减少对化肥的依赖。诸如液相色谱 - 串联质谱等分析方法的进步改善了细菌IAA的定量，实现了准确的测量和分析。未来聚焦于产生IAA的细菌与宿主植物之间分子相互作用的研究，可能会促进生物技术应用的发展，这些应用整合有益细菌以改善作物性能，这对于应对气候变化带来的挑战和确保全球粮食安全至关重要。将产生细菌IAA的菌株整合到农业实践中，有望通过促进生长、增强适应能力和减少环境影响来彻底改变作物管理策略。
