Hoang Quang Vinh, Levecke Bruno, Do Trung Dung, Devleesschauwer Brecht, Vu Thi Lam Binh, Goossens Kathy, Polman Katja, Callens Steven, Dorny Pierre, Dermauw Veronique
Department of Parasitology, National Institute of Malariology, Parasitology and Entomology, Hanoi, Vietnam.
Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2024 Jan 17;18(1):e0011904. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011904. eCollection 2024 Jan.
Fasciolosis is an emerging public health threat in a number of regions worldwide. To date, we lack an overview of both its occurrence and distribution in Southeast Asia across all actors involved in the life cycle, which impedes the development of disease control measures. Therefore, our objective was to collect recent information on the distribution and the prevalence of Fasciola spp. and the associated risk factors for infection in humans, animals, snails and plant carriers in Southeast Asia.
Bibliographic and grey literature databases as well as reference lists of important review articles were searched for relevant records published between January 1st, 2000, and June 30th, 2022. The systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines for reporting systematic reviews. A total of 3,887 records were retrieved, of which 100 were included in the final analysis.
The studies focused mainly on one host species (96.0%), with Fasciola spp. infection in animals being the most studied (72.0%), followed by humans (21.0%). Based on the used inclusion and exclusion criteria, reports were retrieved describing the presence of Fasciola spp. infection in seven out of 11 countries in Southeast Asia. Depending on the diagnostic tool applied, the prevalence of Fasciola spp. infection ranged between 0.3% and 66.7% in humans, between 0% and 97.8% in animals, and between 0% and 66.2% in snails. There were no studies reporting the presence of metacercariae on plant carriers.
CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Our study reconfirms that Fasciola spp. infections are widespread and highly prevalent in Southeast Asia, but it remains difficult to accurately assess the true occurrence of Fasciola spp. in absence of well-designed surveys covering all hosts. As next steps we propose to assess the occurrence of the infection across all actors involved in the transmission, to identify associated risk factors and to estimate the burden of the disease to support national and international decision makers.
肝片吸虫病在全球多个地区对公共卫生构成了新出现的威胁。迄今为止，我们缺乏对其在东南亚整个生命周期中所有相关生物的发生情况和分布的全面了解，这阻碍了疾病控制措施的制定。因此，我们的目标是收集有关东南亚地区肝片吸虫属物种的分布、流行情况以及人类、动物、蜗牛和植物宿主中相关感染风险因素的最新信息。
检索了书目和灰色文献数据库以及重要综述文章的参考文献列表，以查找2000年1月1日至2022年6月30日期间发表的相关记录。系统评价按照系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南进行，以报告系统评价。共检索到3887条记录，其中100条纳入最终分析。
这些研究主要集中在单一宿主物种上（96.0%），其中对动物感染肝片吸虫属的研究最多（72.0%），其次是人类（21.0%）。根据所使用的纳入和排除标准，检索到的报告描述了东南亚11个国家中的7个国家存在肝片吸虫属感染。根据所应用的诊断工具，肝片吸虫属感染的患病率在人类中为0.3%至66.7%，在动物中为0%至97.8%，在蜗牛中为0%至66.2%。没有研究报告植物宿主上存在囊蚴。
结论/意义：我们 的研究再次证实肝片吸虫属感染在东南亚广泛存在且高度流行，但在缺乏涵盖所有宿主的精心设计的调查的情况下，仍然难以准确评估肝片吸虫属的实际发生情况。作为下一步，我们建议评估参与传播的所有生物中的感染情况，确定相关风险因素，并估计疾病负担，以支持国家和国际决策者。
