Halepaska Anna, Adams Annmarie, Craig Salmaan
Peter Guo-hua Fu School of Architecture, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
Department of Social Studies of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
iScience. 2023 Dec 20;27(1):108765. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108765. eCollection 2024 Jan 19.
A forgotten thermosiphon scheme is found in Montreal's former Royal Victoria Hospital and traced back to the original Center Block of Canada's Parliament Hill. This discovery inspires an investigation into the fluid mechanics of heat recovery with buoyancy ventilation, where interior spaces are arranged in an open thermal loop with heat exchange through partition walls. Flow visualizations with physical models are used to corroborate the archival evidence and show how the historical scheme worked. The scheme is then generalized, defining a criterion for steady unidirectional flow and a heat recovery limit when room temperatures upstream and downstream reach equilibrium This mathematical model is validated experimentally, demonstrating steady flow close to the efficiency limit with a balanced thermal design . Further analysis shows significant heating savings are possible in mildly cold seasons compared to natural displacement (74%) and natural mixing (60%) ventilation.
在蒙特利尔市的前皇家维多利亚医院发现了一种被遗忘的热虹吸方案，该方案可追溯到加拿大国会大厦的原中央大楼。这一发现激发了对利用浮力通风进行热回收的流体力学的研究，其中内部空间通过隔墙在开放的热回路中进行热交换。利用物理模型进行的流动可视化，以证实档案证据，并展示历史方案的工作原理。然后对该方案进行了推广，定义了稳定单向流动的标准以及当上下游室温达到平衡时的热回收极限。该数学模型通过实验得到验证，证明了在平衡热设计下接近效率极限的稳定流动。进一步分析表明，与自然置换通风（74%）和自然混合通风（60%）相比，在温和寒冷季节，热虹吸方案可显著节省供暖能耗。
