Gimunová Marta, Paludo Ana Carolina, Bernaciková Martina, Bienertova-Vasku Julie
Department of Physical Activities and Health Sciences, Faculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
Department of Sport Performance and Exercise Testing, Faculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
NPJ Microgravity. 2024 Jan 18;10(1):10. doi: 10.1038/s41526-024-00351-1.
With increasing possibilities of multi-year missions in deep space, colonizing other planets, and space tourism, it is important to investigate the effects of space travel on human reproduction. This study aimed to systematically review and summarize the results of available literature on space travel, microgravity, and space radiation, or Earth-based spaceflight analogues impact on female and male reproductive functions in humans. This systematic review was performed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and Space Biomedicine Systematic Review methods. The search was performed using three databases: PubMed, Web of Science, and Medline Complete. During the database search, 364 studies were identified. After the study selection process, 16 studies were included in the review. Five studies included female participants, and the findings show an increased risk of thromboembolism in combined oral contraceptive users, decreased decidualization, functional insufficiency of corpus luteum, and decreased progesterone and LH levels related to space travel or its simulation. Male participants were included in 13 studies. In males, reproductive health considerations focused on the decrease in testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin levels, the ratio of male offspring, sperm motility, sperm vitality, and the increase in sperm DNA fragmentation related to space travel or its simulation. Results of this systematic review highlight the need to focus more on the astronaut's reproductive health in future research, as only 16 studies were found during the literature search, and many more research questions related to reproductive health in astronauts still need to be answered.
随着深空多年任务、殖民其他星球以及太空旅游的可能性不断增加，研究太空旅行对人类生殖的影响变得至关重要。本研究旨在系统回顾和总结现有文献中关于太空旅行、微重力、太空辐射或地面太空飞行模拟对人类女性和男性生殖功能影响的结果。本系统评价按照系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目指南以及太空生物医学系统评价方法进行。检索使用了三个数据库：PubMed、科学网和Medline Complete。在数据库检索过程中，共识别出364项研究。经过研究筛选过程，16项研究被纳入本评价。五项研究纳入了女性参与者，研究结果显示，联合口服避孕药使用者发生血栓栓塞的风险增加，蜕膜化减少，黄体功能不全，以及与太空旅行或其模拟相关的孕酮和促黄体生成素水平降低。13项研究纳入了男性参与者。在男性中，生殖健康方面的考虑重点在于与太空旅行或其模拟相关的睾酮和性激素结合球蛋白水平降低、男性后代比例、精子活力、精子存活率以及精子DNA碎片增加。本系统评价的结果凸显了在未来研究中需要更多地关注宇航员的生殖健康，因为在文献检索中仅发现了16项研究，与宇航员生殖健康相关的更多研究问题仍有待解答。
