Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA.
Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA.
Cannabis Cannabinoid Res. 2024 Aug;9(4):1015-1027. doi: 10.1089/can.2023.0187. Epub 2024 Jan 22.
Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) have varying pharmacological actions with differential effects on acute and extended affective states, incuding anxiety. We aimed to study these effects on anxiety in legal market forms of cannabis. This study makes use of a nonequivalent control group quasiexperimental design. Forty-two participants with anxiety symptions who were not using cannabis were compared to 258 participants with anxiety symptoms who used cannabis flower (∼3-4 times per week). Participants who used cannabis were randomly assigned to one of three legal market cannabis conditions; (24% THC, <1% CBD), (12% THC, 12% CBD), or (<1% THC, 24% CBD). Changes in anxiety symptoms over 4-weeks were measured by the Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC) scale and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS). Acute changes in subjective mood immediately after cannabis use were measured by the Profile of Mood States (POMS) Elation, Tension, and Paranoia subscales and the Addiction Research Center Inventory intoxication scale. While all participants reported anxiety reductions over the 4-week study on the PGIC (=30.65, <0.001) and DASS anxiety measures (=115.88, <0.001), CBD-dominant cannabis use was associated with lower scores on the DASS anxiety subscale compared to THC-dominant use when accounting for frequency of use (difference=-1.03, SE=0.45, =0.02). Similarly, acute CBD-dominant cannabis use was associated with lower scores on the POMS tension and paranoia subscales (POMS tension: CBD-dominant vs. THC-dominant: difference=-0.41 SE=0.1, <0.001; CBD-dominant vs. THC+CBD: difference=-0.28, SE=0.07, =0.04; POMS paranoia: CBD-dominant vs. THC-dominant: difference=-0.49, SE=0.1, <0.001; CBD-dominant vs. THC+CBD: difference=-0.33, SE=0.09, =0.01). Participants in all cannabis conditions experienced acute changes in positive mood and subjective drug effects. This study provides novel information on the impacts of legal market cannabis with varying ratios of THC to CBD in indviduals with anxiety symptoms. Findings suggest that THC did not increase anxiety and that CBD-dominant forms of cannabis were associated with acute tension reduction that may translate to longer-term reductions in anxiety symptoms. NCT03491384.
Δ9-四氢大麻酚（THC）和大麻二酚（CBD）具有不同的药理作用，对急性和长期的情绪状态，包括焦虑，有不同的影响。我们的目的是研究大麻的这些对焦虑的影响在合法的市场形式。 这项研究利用了非等效对照组准实验设计。42 名有焦虑症状的参与者（每周使用大麻约 3-4 次）与 258 名有焦虑症状的大麻使用者（每周使用大麻约 3-4 次）进行了比较。使用大麻的参与者被随机分配到三种合法市场大麻条件之一； （24% THC，<1% CBD）， （12% THC，12% CBD），或 （<1% THC，24% CBD）。通过患者总体印象变化量表（PGIC）和抑郁、焦虑和压力量表（DASS）测量 4 周内焦虑症状的变化。使用大麻后立即测量主观情绪的急性变化，使用心境状态量表（POMS）兴奋、紧张和偏执子量表和成瘾研究中心 intoxication 量表。 虽然所有参与者在 4 周的研究中报告说焦虑症状减轻，PGIC 得分（=30.65，<0.001）和 DASS 焦虑得分（=115.88，<0.001），但在考虑使用频率时，CBD 优势大麻的使用与 THC 优势大麻的使用相比，DASS 焦虑子量表的得分较低（差异=-1.03，SE=0.45，=0.02）。同样，急性 CBD 优势大麻的使用与 POMS 紧张和偏执子量表的得分较低有关（POMS 紧张：CBD 优势与 THC 优势：差异=-0.41 SE=0.1，<0.001；CBD 优势与 THC+CBD：差异=-0.28，SE=0.07，=0.04；POMS 偏执：CBD 优势与 THC 优势：差异=-0.49，SE=0.1，<0.001；CBD 优势与 THC+CBD：差异=-0.33，SE=0.09，=0.01）。所有大麻条件的参与者都经历了积极情绪和主观药物作用的急性变化。 这项研究提供了关于具有不同 THC 与 CBD 比例的合法市场大麻在有焦虑症状的个体中的影响的新信息。研究结果表明，THC 不会增加焦虑，而 CBD 优势形式的大麻与急性紧张缓解有关，这可能转化为焦虑症状的长期缓解。 NCT03491384。
