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基于 Stroop 色词测试的运动跟踪识别评估 ADHD 亚型。

Assessment of ADHD Subtypes Using Motion Tracking Recognition Based on Stroop Color-Word Tests.

机构信息

Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain.

Department of Psychiatry, Puerta de Hierro University Hospital, 28222 Majadahonda, Spain.

出版信息

Sensors (Basel). 2024 Jan 5;24(2):323. doi: 10.3390/s24020323.

Abstract

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder known for its significant heterogeneity and varied symptom presentation. Describing the different subtypes as predominantly inattentive (ADHD-I), combined (ADHD-C), and hyperactive-impulsive (ADHD-H) relies primarily on clinical observations, which can be subjective. To address the need for more objective diagnostic methods, this pilot study implemented a Microsoft Kinect-based Stroop Color-Word Test (KSWCT) with the objective of investigating the potential differences in executive function and motor control between different subtypes in a group of children and adolescents with ADHD. A series of linear mixture modeling were used to encompass the performance accuracy, reaction times, and extraneous movements during the tests. Our findings suggested that age plays a critical role, and older subjects showed improvements in KSWCT performance; however, no significant divergence in activity level between the subtypes (ADHD-I and ADHD-H/C) was established. Patients with ADHD-H/C showed tendencies toward deficits in motor planning and executive control, exhibited by shorter reaction times for incorrect responses and more difficulty suppressing erroneous responses. This study provides preliminary evidence of unique executive characteristics among ADHD subtypes, advances our understanding of the heterogeneity of the disorder, and lays the foundation for the development of refined and objective diagnostic tools for ADHD.

摘要

注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)是一种神经发育障碍,其显著的异质性和多样化的症状表现是众所周知的。将不同亚型描述为主要注意力不集中(ADHD-I)、混合型(ADHD-C)和多动冲动型(ADHD-H)主要依赖于临床观察,这可能是主观的。为了满足对更客观诊断方法的需求,这项试点研究采用了基于 Microsoft Kinect 的 Stroop 颜色-单词测试(KSWCT),旨在研究一组患有 ADHD 的儿童和青少年的不同亚型之间在执行功能和运动控制方面的潜在差异。一系列线性混合模型被用来涵盖测试过程中的表现准确性、反应时间和额外动作。我们的研究结果表明,年龄起着至关重要的作用,年龄较大的受试者在 KSWCT 表现上有所提高;然而,在亚型(ADHD-I 和 ADHD-H/C)之间并没有发现活动水平的显著差异。ADHD-H/C 型患者在运动规划和执行控制方面表现出缺陷的趋势,表现在错误反应的反应时间更短,更难以抑制错误反应。这项研究为 ADHD 亚型的独特执行特征提供了初步证据,加深了我们对该障碍异质性的理解,并为 ADHD 的精细化和客观诊断工具的开发奠定了基础。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8210/10818498/fbb7c79328e0/sensors-24-00323-g001.jpg

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