Department of Vegetable Science, Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University, Jhansi, UP, 284003, India.
Division of Crop Improvement and Seed Technology, ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute (CPRI), Shimla, India.
Planta. 2024 Jan 25;259(2):42. doi: 10.1007/s00425-023-04321-x.
Integration of genomic approaches like whole genome sequencing, functional genomics, evolutionary genomics, and CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing has accelerated the improvement of crop plants including leafy vegetables like celery in the face of climate change. The anthropogenic climate change is a real peril to the existence of life forms on our planet, including human and plant life. Climate change is predicted to be a significant threat to biodiversity and food security in the coming decades and is rapidly transforming global farming systems. To avoid the ghastly future in the face of climate change, the elucidation of shifts in the geographical range of plant species, species adaptation, and evolution is necessary for plant scientists to develop climate-resilient strategies. In the post-genomics era, the increasing availability of genomic resources and integration of multifaceted genomics elements is empowering biodiversity conservation action, restoration efforts, and identification of genomic regions adaptive to climate change. Genomics has accelerated the true characterization of crop wild relatives, genomic variations, and the development of climate-resilient varieties to ensure food security for 10 billion people by 2050. In this review, we have summarized the applications of multifaceted genomic tools, like conservation genomics, whole genome sequencing, functional genomics, genome editing, pangenomics, in the conservation and adaptation of plant species with a focus on celery, an aromatic and medicinal Apiaceae vegetable. We focus on how conservation scientists can utilize genomics and genomic data in conservation and improvement.
基因组学方法的整合，如全基因组测序、功能基因组学、进化基因组学和基于 CRISPR/Cas9 的基因组编辑，加速了包括芹菜在内的绿叶蔬菜等作物植物的改良，以应对气候变化。人为气候变化是我们星球上生命形式（包括人类和植物生命）存在的真正威胁。预计气候变化将在未来几十年对生物多样性和粮食安全构成重大威胁，并正在迅速改变全球农业系统。为了避免在气候变化面前出现可怕的未来，植物科学家有必要阐明植物物种地理范围的变化、物种适应和进化，以制定具有气候适应能力的策略。在后基因组时代，基因组资源的日益丰富和多方面基因组元素的整合，正在为保护生物多样性、恢复生态系统以及识别适应气候变化的基因组区域的行动提供动力。基因组学加速了对作物野生近缘种、基因组变异和具有气候适应能力的品种的真正特征描述，以确保到 2050 年为 100 亿人提供粮食安全。在这篇综述中，我们总结了多方面基因组工具的应用，如保护基因组学、全基因组测序、功能基因组学、基因组编辑、泛基因组学，重点介绍了芹菜等芳香药用伞形科蔬菜的物种保护和适应。我们重点介绍了保护科学家如何在保护和改良中利用基因组学和基因组数据。
