Navarro Beatriz, Jimeno María Verónica, Fernández-Aguilar Luz, Nieto Marta, Toledano-González Abel, Cantero María José, Ros Laura, Latorre José Miguel
Unidad de Psicología Cognitiva Aplicada, Instituto de Discapacidades Neurológicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain.
Departamento de Psicología, Facultad de Medicina de Albacete, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain.
Front Psychol. 2024 Jan 11;14:1266758. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1266758. eCollection 2023.
Aging produces changes in emotional reactivity and the retrieval of autobiographical memories. The main aim of this study was to assess age-related differences, comparing emotion induction and autobiographical memory recall using photos from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS) that are thematically related to childhood.
A cross-sectional observational study was conducted, with the participation of 327 individuals (168 young adults and 159 older adults) with no cognitive impairment and aged between 18 and 88 years. We showed the participants a set of five pictures from the IAPS, the affective content of which was related to childhood. Two of these were considered to be positive images, two negative and one neutral, according to the valence of these pictures in the literature. The main study variables were the reactions associated with emotional valence or pleasure, arousal and dominance, after viewing the photos, and the autobiographical memories retrieved by the participants.
The younger adults retrieved a larger number of memories than their older counterparts. As regards the responses to the five affective pictures (IAPS) on valence, arousal and dominance (IAPS), statistically significant differences were only found for pictures 2,345 (BlackEye), with a more positive valence in the group of older adults and higher arousal in the young ones, and 2,312 (Mother), with a more positive valence in the group of older persons. A greater number of memories were retrieved for the photos that generated higher levels of pleasure, greater relaxation and greater emotional control.
Of the variables that may be associated with the elicitation of involuntary autobiographical memories, the most significant are age and a positive stimulus.
衰老会导致情绪反应性和自传体记忆提取发生变化。本研究的主要目的是评估年龄相关差异，使用来自国际情感图片系统（IAPS）且与童年主题相关的照片来比较情绪诱导和自传体记忆回忆。
进行了一项横断面观察研究，327名年龄在18至88岁之间且无认知障碍的个体（168名年轻人和159名老年人）参与其中。我们向参与者展示了一组来自IAPS的五张图片，其情感内容与童年相关。根据文献中这些图片的效价，其中两张被认为是积极图像，两张是消极图像，一张是中性图像。主要研究变量是观看照片后与情绪效价或愉悦、唤醒和支配相关的反应，以及参与者提取的自传体记忆。
与年长者相比，年轻人提取的记忆数量更多。关于对五张情感图片（IAPS）在效价、唤醒和支配方面的反应（IAPS），仅在图片2345（黑眼睛）和2312（母亲）上发现了统计学上的显著差异，在老年人组中图片2345的效价更积极，年轻人组的唤醒水平更高，在老年人组中图片2312的效价更积极。对于产生更高愉悦水平、更大放松和更强情绪控制的照片，提取的记忆数量更多。
在可能与诱发非自愿自传体记忆相关的变量中，最重要的是年龄和积极刺激。
