Hayward Angela, Hunt Benjamin J, Haas Julian, Bushnell-Crowther Ellie, Troczka Bartlomiej J, Pym Adam, Beadle Katherine, Field Jeremy, Nelson David R, Nauen Ralf, Bass Chris
Centre for Ecology and Conservation University of Exeter Penryn, Cornwall UK.
Bayer AG, Crop Science Division Monheim Germany.
Evol Appl. 2023 Dec 6;17(1):e13625. doi: 10.1111/eva.13625. eCollection 2024 Jan.
Recent work has demonstrated that many bee species have specific cytochrome P450 enzymes (P450s) that can efficiently detoxify certain insecticides. The presence of these P450s, belonging or closely related to the CYP9Q subfamily (CYP9Q-related), is generally well conserved across the diversity of bees. However, the alfalfa leafcutter bee, , lacks CYP9Q-related P450s and is 170-2500 times more sensitive to certain insecticides than bee pollinators with these P450s. The extent to which these findings apply to other Megachilidae bee species remains uncertain. To address this knowledge gap, we sequenced the transcriptomes of four species and leveraged the data obtained, in combination with publicly available genomic data, to investigate the evolution and function of P450s in the Megachilidae. Our analyses reveal that several Megachilidae species, belonging to the Lithurgini, Megachilini and Anthidini tribes, including all species of the genus investigated, lack -related genes. In place of these genes species have evolved phylogenetically distinct genes, the lineage. Functional expression of these P450s from reveal they lack the capacity to metabolize the neonicotinoid insecticides thiacloprid and imidacloprid. In contrast, species from the Osmiini and Dioxyini tribes of Megachilidae have -related P450s belonging to the subfamily that are able to detoxify thiacloprid. These findings provide new insight into the evolution of P450s that act as key determinants of insecticide sensitivity in bees and have important applied implications for pesticide risk assessment.
最近的研究表明，许多蜜蜂物种拥有特定的细胞色素P450酶（P450s），这些酶能够有效地对某些杀虫剂进行解毒。这些属于CYP9Q亚家族（CYP9Q相关）或与之密切相关的P450s，在蜜蜂的多样性中通常具有良好的保守性。然而，苜蓿切叶蜂缺乏与CYP9Q相关的P450s，对某些杀虫剂的敏感性比具有这些P450s的传粉蜜蜂高170至2500倍。这些发现适用于其他切叶蜂科蜜蜂物种的程度仍不确定。为了填补这一知识空白，我们对四种切叶蜂科物种的转录组进行了测序，并利用获得的数据，结合公开可用的基因组数据，来研究切叶蜂科中P450s的进化和功能。我们的分析表明，几个切叶蜂科物种，属于隧蜂族、切叶蜂族和花蜂族，包括所有被研究的属的物种，都缺乏相关基因。作为这些基因的替代，切叶蜂科物种进化出了系统发育上不同的基因，即谱系。来自切叶蜂科的这些P450s的功能表达表明它们缺乏代谢新烟碱类杀虫剂噻虫啉和吡虫啉的能力。相比之下，切叶蜂科的黄斑蜂族和双距蜂族的物种具有属于亚家族的与CYP9Q相关的P450s，能够对噻虫啉进行解毒。这些发现为作为蜜蜂杀虫剂敏感性关键决定因素的P450s的进化提供了新的见解，并对农药风险评估具有重要的应用意义。
