Parry G
Br J Soc Psychol. 1987 Mar;26 ( Pt 1):47-58. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8309.1987.tb00760.x.
The attitudes of mothers to their home and child-care role, to their employment role and to sex roles are potentially important correlates of mental health but have been little researched. Results from a general population survey of 160 working-class mothers of young children suggest that dissatisfaction with the home-maker role is associated with higher levels of psychiatric symptoms, psychological distress and self-depreciation. These relationships are strongest for full-time home-makers. For employed mothers, dual-role conflict was more strongly associated with psychological distress than was job satisfaction. Liberal sex-role attitudes were associated with lower psychiatric symptom levels in employed mothers and with higher self-esteem in non-employed mothers. There was a significant interaction between employment status and sex-role beliefs in relation to anxiety. Employed mothers with traditional attitudes and non-employed mothers with liberal attitudes were more anxious. This result was replicated in an independent sample of 200 working-class and middle-class mothers.
母亲对其家庭和育儿角色、就业角色以及性别角色的态度，可能是心理健康的重要相关因素，但相关研究较少。一项针对160名有幼儿的工人阶级母亲的普通人群调查结果表明，对家庭主妇角色的不满与更高水平的精神症状、心理困扰和自我贬低有关。这些关系在全职家庭主妇中最为明显。对于职业母亲来说，双重角色冲突比工作满意度与心理困扰的关联更强。开明的性别角色态度与职业母亲较低的精神症状水平以及非职业母亲较高的自尊相关。在焦虑方面，就业状况和性别角色信念之间存在显著的交互作用。持传统态度的职业母亲和持开明态度的非职业母亲更焦虑。这一结果在一个由200名工人阶级和中产阶级母亲组成的独立样本中得到了重复验证。
