Tato P, Flisser A, Gavilanes M, Molinari J L
Ann Microbiol (Paris). 1979 Jan;130 A(1):47-60.
An immunogenic complex was isolated from Salmonella typhi-murium and another one from Salmonella typhi Ty2. Both were prepared by the bacterial acetone powder method which eliminated the cell wall, the DNA almost completely and the membrane phospholipids. The complexes were denominated "New Vaccines". The S. typhi-murium new vaccine induced, even at doses of 0.5 microgram dry weight per mouse, a high degree of protection against the challenge of the virulent microorganism. By immunoelectrophoresis, 21 antigen-antibody systems could be detected, two of them corresponding to O antigens. The S. typhi Ty2 new vaccine induced better protection than the standard vaccine (heat-phenol inactivated typhoid vaccine) when both vaccines were compared in the relative potency test. Moreover, the new vaccine had very low toxicity when inoculated in humans at doses of 1 microgram dry weight, able to elicite a high antibody titre (1/1,790 mean of 10 sera) in 75% of the tested population, estimated by the complement fixation test. In contrast, the standard vaccine induced a low antibody titre (1/222, mean of 5 sera) in 50% of the humans inoculated with 1 X 10(8) bacterial cells. The new vaccine did not induce undesirable effects whereas the standard vaccine induced an important inflammatory process in 100% of the cases, with intense local pain in 67% after 24 h post-first inoculation as well as other less severe symptoms.
从鼠伤寒沙门氏菌中分离出一种免疫原性复合物，从伤寒沙门氏菌Ty2中分离出另一种。两者均采用细菌丙酮粉法制备，该方法去除了细胞壁、几乎全部的DNA和膜磷脂。这些复合物被命名为“新型疫苗”。鼠伤寒沙门氏菌新型疫苗即使以每只小鼠0.5微克干重的剂量接种，也能对强毒微生物的攻击产生高度保护作用。通过免疫电泳可检测到21个抗原-抗体系统，其中两个对应于O抗原。在相对效价试验中比较两种疫苗时，伤寒沙门氏菌Ty2新型疫苗诱导的保护作用优于标准疫苗（热酚灭活伤寒疫苗）。此外，新型疫苗以1微克干重的剂量接种人体时毒性极低，通过补体结合试验估计，在75%的受试人群中能引发高抗体滴度（10份血清的平均值为1/1790）。相比之下，标准疫苗在接种1×10⁸个细菌细胞的50%的人体中诱导出低抗体滴度（5份血清的平均值为1/222）。新型疫苗未引发不良影响，而标准疫苗在100%的病例中引发了重要的炎症过程，首次接种后24小时，67%的病例出现剧烈局部疼痛以及其他不太严重的症状。
