Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
School of Nursing & Midwifery, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
Clin Med Res. 2023 Dec;21(4):216-225. doi: 10.3121/cmr.2023.1824.
Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a sensorimotor disorder leading to disturbance of resting, discomfort, stress, and impaired daytime activity in the sufferers. The present systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to determine the effect of temperature therapy on the severity of RLS. The electronic databases of Google Scholar, ProQuest, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and State Inpatient Databases (SID) were searched from inception to August 2022. The Cochrane Collaboration's Risk of Bias Tool was used to check the quality of included studies. Meta-analysis was performed by calculating standardized mean differences (SMDs), using random effects model, and running Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) software version 2. The included studies (n=6) comprised 177 participants, whose mean age was 49.85 years old. The results of the meta-analysis showed temperature therapy could reduce the severity of RLS (SMD=-1.520, 95% CI: -2.122 to -0.918). Regarding the source of heterogeneity, meta-regression results indicated the efficacy of the intervention in reducing the severity of RLS enhanced significantly by increasing the duration of the intervention in each session (β=-0.039, 95% CI -0.076 to -0.002, <0.001). The results also showed increasing the duration (β=-0.039, 95% CI -0.076 to -0.002, P<0.001) and the temperature of the intervention in each session (β=-0.016, 95% CI -0.028 to -0.003, <0.05) significantly enhanced the efficacy of the intervention in reducing the severity of RLS. The results also indicated that, among patients with underlying clinical conditions, the effectiveness of temperature therapy was higher in hemodialysis patients (β=-2.006, 95% CI -2.736 to -1.276, <0.05). The present study findings suggested temperature therapy could mildly reduce the severity of RLS symptoms. It was also found that the highest efficacy of this intervention could be achieved when the higher temperature was used in fewer treatment sessions in hemodialysis patients. Based on our findings, this intervention can be included in the care plan of patients with RLS considering the settings described to achieve the highest efficacy.
不宁腿综合征（RLS）是一种感觉运动障碍，导致患者在休息时出现不适、感到不安、有压力和白天活动能力受损。本系统评价和荟萃分析旨在确定温度疗法对 RLS 严重程度的影响。从创建到 2022 年 8 月，我们在电子数据库 Google Scholar、ProQuest、Scopus、PubMed、Web of Science 和国家住院患者数据库（SID）中进行了搜索。我们使用 Cochrane 协作风险偏倚工具检查了纳入研究的质量。我们通过计算标准化均数差（SMD），使用随机效应模型进行荟萃分析，并运行 Comprehensive Meta-Analysis（CMA）软件版本 2。纳入的研究（n=6）共包括 177 名参与者，平均年龄为 49.85 岁。荟萃分析的结果表明，温度疗法可以降低 RLS 的严重程度（SMD=-1.520，95%CI：-2.122 至-0.918）。关于异质性的来源，荟萃回归结果表明，通过增加每次治疗的干预持续时间，干预降低 RLS 严重程度的效果显著增强（β=-0.039，95%CI -0.076 至-0.002，<0.001）。结果还表明，增加每次治疗的干预持续时间（β=-0.039，95%CI -0.076 至-0.002，P<0.001）和干预的温度（β=-0.016，95%CI -0.028 至-0.003，<0.05）可以显著提高干预降低 RLS 严重程度的效果。结果还表明，在有基础临床疾病的患者中，血液透析患者的温度疗法效果更高（β=-2.006，95%CI -2.736 至-1.276，<0.05）。本研究结果表明，温度疗法可以轻度降低 RLS 症状的严重程度。还发现，在血液透析患者中，使用更高的温度和更少的治疗次数可以达到最高的干预效果。基于我们的发现，考虑到所描述的设置，这种干预可以被纳入 RLS 患者的护理计划，以达到最高的疗效。
