Li Hui, Yao Qi, Li Xin
School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China.
Sensors (Basel). 2024 Jan 24;24(3):0. doi: 10.3390/s24030757.
In order to address the challenges of low recognition accuracy and the difficulty in effective diagnosis in traditional converter transformer voiceprint fault diagnosis, a novel method is proposed in this article. This approach takes account of the impact of load factors, utilizes a multi-strategy improved Mel-Frequency Spectrum Coefficient (MFCC) for voiceprint signal feature extraction, and combines it with a temporal convolutional network for fault diagnosis. Firstly, it improves the hunter-prey optimizer (HPO) as a parameter optimization algorithm and adopts IHPO combined with variational mode decomposition (VMD) to achieve denoising of voiceprint signals. Secondly, the preprocessed voiceprint signal is combined with Mel filters through the Stockwell transform. To adapt to the stationary characteristics of the voiceprint signal, the processed features undergo further mid-temporal processing, ultimately resulting in the implementation of a multi-strategy improved MFCC for voiceprint signal feature extraction. Simultaneously, load signal segmentation is introduced for the diagnostic intervals, forming a joint feature vector. Finally, by using the Mish activation function to improve the temporal convolutional network, the IHPO-ITCN is proposed to adaptively optimize the size of convolutional kernels and the number of hidden layers and construct a transformer fault diagnosis model. By constructing multiple sets of comparison tests through specific examples and comparing them with the traditional voiceprint diagnostic model, our results show that the model proposed in this paper has a fault recognition accuracy as high as 99%. The recognition accuracy was significantly improved and the training speed also shows superior performance, which can be effectively used in the field of multiple fault diagnosis of converter transformers.
为了解决传统换流变压器声纹故障诊断中识别准确率低和有效诊断困难的问题,本文提出了一种新方法。该方法考虑了负载因素的影响,利用多策略改进的梅尔频率倒谱系数(MFCC)进行声纹信号特征提取,并将其与时间卷积网络相结合进行故障诊断。首先,改进了捕食者 - 猎物优化器(HPO)作为参数优化算法,采用结合变分模态分解(VMD)的IHPO实现声纹信号的去噪。其次,通过斯托克韦尔变换将预处理后的声纹信号与梅尔滤波器相结合。为了适应声纹信号的平稳特性,对处理后的特征进行进一步的中间时间处理,最终实现了用于声纹信号特征提取的多策略改进MFCC。同时,引入负载信号分割用于诊断区间,形成联合特征向量。最后,通过使用米什激活函数改进时间卷积网络,提出了IHPO - ITCN,以自适应优化卷积核大小和隐藏层数,并构建变压器故障诊断模型。通过具体实例构建多组对比测试,并与传统声纹诊断模型进行比较,结果表明本文提出的模型故障识别准确率高达99%。识别准确率显著提高,训练速度也表现出优越性能,可有效应用于换流变压器多故障诊断领域。