School of Nursing, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No.33 of Badachu Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100144, People's Republic of China.
Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
Aging Clin Exp Res. 2024 Feb 12;36(1):34. doi: 10.1007/s40520-024-02695-w.
Sensory impairment significantly reduces speech discrimination and perception ability, presenting a challenge to effective communication. It can lead to social withdrawal and a reduced social network which can lead to cognitive impairment, seriously affecting the quality of life of older people. However, it is unclear which intervention components are effective to improving social network in older people with sensory impairment.
The aim of this systematic review was to summarize interventions designed to improve social network in older people with sensory impairment.
We searched seven databases from inception to December 1, 2023. Eligible studies included randomized clinical trials (RCT) and quasi-experimental studies of interventions for older people with sensory impairment aimed at improving social networks. Two reviewers searched databases, extracted data, and assessed the quality of the included studies independently.
Nine studies including five RCTs and four quasi-experimental studies were selected, enrolling 721 older people with sensory impairment. Methodological quality of the studies was modest. Eight studies demonstrated a positive impact of the interventions used in older people with sensory impairment. The detailed effective intervention components may include communication strategies, resources for older people and their significant others, exercise or tech-back of communication, sensory device fitting, and use and maintenance of sensory devices.
There are few interventions available for improving social network in older people with sensory impairment. Most interventions mainly focus on communication education and care, and sensory device fitting and education. To improve the social network in older people with sensory impairment, it is necessary to develop more effective, multidisciplinary collaborative effective interventions and conduct more high-quality original studies.
感觉功能障碍显著降低言语辨别和感知能力，对有效沟通造成挑战。它会导致社交退缩和社交网络缩小，从而导致认知障碍，严重影响老年人的生活质量。但是，目前尚不清楚哪些干预措施能够有效改善感觉障碍老年人的社交网络。
本系统评价旨在总结旨在改善感觉障碍老年人社交网络的干预措施。
我们从建库到 2023 年 12 月 1 日检索了 7 个数据库。纳入的研究包括旨在改善社交网络的针对感觉障碍老年人的干预措施的随机临床试验（RCT）和准实验研究。两名评审员独立检索数据库、提取数据和评估纳入研究的质量。
纳入了 9 项研究，包括 5 项 RCT 和 4 项准实验研究，共纳入 721 名感觉障碍老年人。研究的方法学质量一般。8 项研究表明干预措施对感觉障碍老年人具有积极影响。详细的有效干预措施可能包括沟通策略、老年人及其重要他人的资源、交流技术支持、感官设备适配以及感官设备的使用和维护。
目前改善感觉障碍老年人社交网络的干预措施较少。大多数干预措施主要集中在沟通教育和护理以及感官设备适配和教育上。为了改善感觉障碍老年人的社交网络，有必要开发更有效、多学科协作的有效干预措施，并开展更多高质量的原始研究。
