Raymundo Rubí, Mclean Greg, Sexton-Bowser Sarah, Lipka Alexander E, Morris Geoffrey P
Department of Soil and Crop Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States.
Center for Crop Science, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
Front Plant Sci. 2024 Jan 29;14:1283339. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1283339. eCollection 2023.
Breeding sorghum to withstand droughts is pivotal to secure crop production in regions vulnerable to water scarcity. Limited transpiration (LT) restricts water demand at high vapor pressure deficit, saving water for use in critical periods later in the growing season. Here we evaluated the hypothesis that LT would increase sorghum grain yield in the United States. We used a process-based crop model, APSIM, which simulates interactions of genotype, environment, and management (G × E × M). In this study, the G component includes the LT trait (G) and maturity group (G), the E component entails water deficit patterns, and the M component represents different planting dates. Simulations were conducted over 33 years (1986-2018) for representative locations across the US sorghum belt (Kansas, Texas, and Colorado) for three planting dates and maturity groups. The interaction of G x E indicated a higher impact of LT sorghum on grain for late drought (LD), mid-season drought (MD), and early drought (ED, 8%), than on well-watered (WW) environments (4%). Thus, significant impacts of LT can be achieved in western regions of the sorghum belt. The lack of interaction of G × G × M suggested that an LT sorghum would increase yield by around 8% across maturity groups and planting dates. Otherwise, the interaction G × M revealed that specific combinations are better suited across geographical regions. Overall, the findings suggest that breeding for LT would increase sorghum yield in the drought-prone areas of the US without tradeoffs.
培育耐旱高粱对于确保易受水资源短缺影响地区的作物产量至关重要。有限蒸腾作用（LT）在高蒸汽压亏缺时限制水分需求，为生长季后期的关键时期节省水分以供使用。在此，我们评估了LT会提高美国高粱籽粒产量这一假设。我们使用了基于过程的作物模型APSIM，该模型模拟基因型、环境和管理（G×E×M）之间的相互作用。在本研究中，G成分包括LT性状（G）和成熟组（G），E成分涉及水分亏缺模式，M成分代表不同的播种日期。针对美国高粱种植带（堪萨斯州、得克萨斯州和科罗拉多州）的代表性地点，在33年（1986 - 2018年）期间对三个播种日期和成熟组进行了模拟。G×E的相互作用表明，LT高粱对后期干旱（LD）、生育中期干旱（MD）和早期干旱（ED，8%）条件下籽粒的影响，高于对充分灌溉（WW）环境（4%）的影响。因此，在高粱种植带西部地区，LT可产生显著影响。G×G×M缺乏相互作用表明，LT高粱在不同成熟组和播种日期下可使产量提高约8%。否则，G×M的相互作用表明，特定组合在不同地理区域更适用。总体而言，研究结果表明，培育LT高粱将在美国易旱地区提高高粱产量且无产量权衡。
