中国、日本和韩国的 PM 导致 COPD 的疾病负担：基于 2019 年全球疾病负担研究的比较研究。
Disease burden of COPD attributable to PM in China, Japan and South Korea from 1990 to 2019: a comparative study based on Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.
机构信息
Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
出版信息
BMJ Open. 2024 Feb 13;14(2):e078887. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-078887.
OBJECTIVE
We hope to reveal the changing trends of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) burden attributable to particulate matter pollution (PM) and its age, period and cohort effects in China, Japan and Korea.
DESIGN
We analysed the trend of COPD disease burden attributable to PM from 1990 to 2019 based on the latest Global Burden of Disease Database (GBD 2019) using JoinPoint model and analysed the effect of age, period and cohort on COPD burden attributable to PM in China, Japan and Korea from 1990 to 2019 using age-period-cohort model (model).
SETTING
GBD data from 1990 to 2019.
PARTICIPANTS
Data were publicly available and individuals were not involved.
MAIN OUTCOMES
Outcomes included the age standardised mortality rate (ASMR), the age-standardised disability-adjusted life year (DALY), average annual per cent change (AAPC), net drift, local drift, longitudinal age curves, period (cohort) rate ratios, age (period, cohort) bias coefficient.
RESULTS
From 1990 to 2019, the ASMR of COPD attributable to PM in China (AAPC=-5.862), Japan (AAPC=-1.715) and Korea (AAPC=-1.831) showed a downward trend. The age-standardised DALY of COPD attributable to PM in China (AAPC=-5.821), Japan (AAPC=-1.39) and Korea (AAPC=-1.239) showed a downward trend. Mortality of COPD attributable to PM increased slowly with age in Korea and Japan. Mortality of COPD attributable to PM in China decreased after rising (95% CI: 404.66 to 466.01). Mortality of COPD attributable to PM decreased over time in China and Korea, while it increased in Japan from 2015 to 2019. In China and Japan, mortality of COPD attributable to PM was approximately lower the later the birth, while in Korea it decreased after an increase (95% CI: 2.13 to 2.40) in the 1900-1910.
CONCLUSIONS
Most COPD burden attributable to PM is on the decline; COPD mortality attributable to PM both increased with age and decreased with time and cohort. Countries with high burden should develop targeted measures to control PM.
目的
我们旨在揭示中国、日本和韩国因细颗粒物（PM）污染导致的慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）负担的变化趋势及其年龄、时期和队列效应。
设计
我们基于最新的全球疾病负担数据库（GBD 2019），使用 JoinPoint 模型分析了 1990 年至 2019 年因 PM 导致的 COPD 疾病负担的趋势，并使用年龄-时期-队列模型（模型）分析了 1990 年至 2019 年中国、日本和韩国因 PM 导致的 COPD 负担的年龄、时期和队列效应。
设置
GBD 1990 年至 2019 年的数据。
参与者
数据公开，不涉及个体。
主要结局
结果包括年龄标准化死亡率（ASMR）、年龄标准化伤残调整生命年（DALY）、年均百分比变化（AAPC）、净漂移、局部漂移、纵向年龄曲线、时期（队列）率比、年龄（时期、队列）偏差系数。
结果
1990 年至 2019 年，中国（AAPC=-5.862）、日本（AAPC=-1.715）和韩国（AAPC=-1.831）因 PM 导致的 COPD 的 ASMR 呈下降趋势。中国（AAPC=-5.821）、日本（AAPC=-1.39）和韩国（AAPC=-1.239）因 PM 导致的 COPD 的年龄标准化 DALY 呈下降趋势。韩国和日本因 PM 导致的 COPD 死亡率随年龄增长缓慢上升。中国因 PM 导致的 COPD 死亡率在上升后下降（95%置信区间：404.66 至 466.01）。中国和韩国因 PM 导致的 COPD 死亡率随时间推移而下降，而日本则从 2015 年至 2019 年上升。在中国和日本，因 PM 导致的 COPD 死亡率大约随出生时间越晚而越低，而在韩国，在 1900-1910 年出生的人群中，死亡率先上升（95%置信区间：2.13 至 2.40）后下降。
结论
大多数因 PM 导致的 COPD 负担呈下降趋势；因 PM 导致的 COPD 死亡率随年龄增长而上升，随时间推移和队列而下降。负担较重的国家应制定有针对性的措施来控制 PM。
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