Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Respir Res. 2022 Nov 19;23(1):319. doi: 10.1186/s12931-022-02242-z.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a preventable and treatable disease that is characterised by persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation. The present study reported the burden of COPD, and its attributable risk factors, in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region between 1990 and 2019, by age, sex and socio-demographic index (SDI).
Data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 study were used to report the burden of COPD in the MENA countries. The prevalence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) were presented as counts and age-standardised rates per 100,000 population, with their associated 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs).
In 2019, the regional age-standardised point prevalence and rates of death due to COPD were 2333.9 (2230.1, 2443.6) and 26.1 (22.2, 29.5) per 100,000, which represent a 30.6% (28.2%, 33.0%) increase and an 18.0% (2.8%, 30.9%) decrease, respectively, since 1990. The regional age-standardised DALY rate in 2019 was 649.1 (574.6, 717.7) per 100,000, which had decreased by 11.8% (0.9%, 21.1%) since 1990. Turkey had the highest age-standardised point prevalence in 2019 [3287.1 (3187.4, 3380.3)], while Afghanistan had the highest age-standardised death [40.4 (24.2, 52.6)] and DALY [964.5 (681.8, 1203.2)] rates. The regional age-standardised point prevalence, death and DALY rates in 2019 increased with advancing age and were higher in males in almost all age groups. There was a U-shaped association between SDI and the burden of COPD over the period 1990 to 2019. Moreover, in 2019 smoking (43.7%), ambient particulate matter pollution (22.8%) and occupational particulate matter (11.4%) had the largest proportion of attributable DALYs for both sexes.
COPD is one of the leading causes of death and disability in the MENA region, although the age-standardised burden has decreased over the last 30 years. Nevertheless, COPD accounted for a substantial number of deaths and DALYs, especially among the elderly. Programs targeting risk factors, like smoking, should be taken into consideration.
慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）是一种可预防和可治疗的疾病，其特征是持续性呼吸道症状和气流受限。本研究报告了中东和北非（MENA）地区 1990 年至 2019 年期间 COPD 的负担及其归因危险因素，按年龄、性别和社会人口指数（SDI）进行划分。
使用来自全球疾病负担（GBD）2019 研究的数据报告 MENA 国家的 COPD 负担。患病率、死亡人数和伤残调整生命年（DALYs）以每 10 万人的人数和年龄标准化率表示，伴有相关的 95%不确定区间（UI）。
2019 年，该地区年龄标准化点患病率和 COPD 死亡率分别为 2333.9（2230.1，2443.6）和 26.1（22.2，29.5）/100000，分别比 1990 年增加了 30.6%（28.2%，33.0%）和降低了 18.0%（2.8%，30.9%）。2019 年该地区年龄标准化 DALY 率为 649.1（574.6，717.7）/100000，比 1990 年下降了 11.8%（0.9%，21.1%）。2019 年土耳其的年龄标准化点患病率最高[3287.1（3187.4，3380.3）]，而阿富汗的年龄标准化死亡率最高[40.4（24.2，52.6）]和 DALY 率最高[964.5（681.8，1203.2）]。2019 年该地区年龄标准化点患病率、死亡率和 DALY 率随年龄增长而增加，且在几乎所有年龄组中男性均高于女性。1990 年至 2019 年间，SDI 与 COPD 负担之间呈 U 型关联。此外，2019 年吸烟（43.7%）、环境颗粒物污染（22.8%）和职业性颗粒物（11.4%）是男女归因 DALY 比例最大的两个危险因素。
尽管 COPD 的年龄标准化负担在过去 30 年中有所下降，但它仍是 MENA 地区导致死亡和残疾的主要原因之一。然而，COPD 导致了大量的死亡和 DALY，尤其是在老年人中。应考虑针对吸烟等危险因素的方案。
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