Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.
Faculty of Health Sciences, Rua Marquês de Ávila E Bolama, CICS-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001, Covilhã, Portugal.
Int Ophthalmol. 2024 Feb 16;44(1):86. doi: 10.1007/s10792-024-03042-8.
Amblyopia is generally a unilateral disorder, defined by at least a difference of two lines of visual acuity between both eyes with the best-corrected visual acuity, a decrease in contrast sensitivity, and a decrease in stereopsis. Pattern electroretinogram (PERG) is a noninvasive technique that provides a retinal biopotential and is a highly sensitive indicator of changes in the macular area. Our aim was to evaluate if there are differences in the retinal response of an amblyopic eye compared with a normal eye (NE).
We evaluated twenty-four adult volunteers, twelve amblyopes (mean 43.42 ± 12.72 years old), and twelve subjects with NE (mean 35.58 ± 12.85 years old). None of the subjects in the two groups had comorbidities. A complete optometric examination was performed including parameters such as visual acuity (VA) by far and near with ETDRS chart, eye alignment with cover test, and evaluation of retinal cells response with PERG.
The refractive error found in the NE group of subjects had a mean of - 0.95 ± 1.65D, while the amblyopic group showed a mean of - 2.03 ± 4.29D. The VA in amblyopic eyes had a mean of 0.38 ± 0.20 logMAR. Analyzing PERG data, we observed significant differences in the P50-N95 amplitudes of the amblyopic group compared with the NE group (p < 0.0001-amblyopic eye vs. NE; p = 0.039-fellow eye vs. NE).
These findings suggest that amblyopic patients may also present other impairments beyond the visual cortex. PERGs seem to be an important complementary examination in the diagnosis of other impairments in amblyopia.
弱视通常是单侧障碍，定义为双眼最佳矫正视力相差至少两行，对比度敏感度下降，以及立体视下降。图形视网膜电图（PERG）是一种非侵入性技术，提供视网膜生物电位，是黄斑区变化的高度敏感指标。我们的目的是评估弱视眼与正常眼（NE）的视网膜反应是否存在差异。
我们评估了 24 名成年志愿者，12 名弱视患者（平均年龄 43.42±12.72 岁）和 12 名 NE 患者（平均年龄 35.58±12.85 岁）。两组受试者均无合并症。进行了全面的眼科检查，包括远距和近距视力（ETDRS 图表）、眼球对齐（遮盖试验）和 PERG 评估视网膜细胞反应等参数。
NE 组受试者的屈光不正平均值为-0.95±1.65D，而弱视组则显示平均值为-2.03±4.29D。弱视眼的视力平均值为 0.38±0.20 logMAR。分析 PERG 数据，我们观察到弱视组的 P50-N95 振幅与 NE 组有显著差异（p<0.0001-弱视眼与 NE 组；p=0.039-对侧眼与 NE 组）。
这些发现表明，弱视患者可能还存在其他视觉皮层以外的损伤。PERG 似乎是弱视诊断中其他损伤的重要补充检查。
