基于性别、年龄和健康状况的人体测量指标差异：德国国家队列（NAKO）的研究结果。
Differences in Anthropometric Measures Based on Sex, Age, and Health Status: Findings From the German National Cohort (NAKO).
作者信息
Stein Michael J, Fischer Beate, Bohmann Patricia, Ahrens Wolfgang, Berger Klaus, Brenner Hermann, Günther Kathrin, Harth Volker, Heise Jana-Kristin, Karch André, Klett-Tammen Carolina J, Koch-Gallenkamp Lena, Krist Lilian, Lieb Wolfgang, Meinke-Franze Claudia, Michels Karin B, Mikolajczyk Rafael, Nimptsch Katharina, Obi Nadia, Peters Annette, Pischon Tobias, Schipf Sabine, Schmidt Börge, Stang Andreas, Thierry Sigrid, Willich Stefan N, Wirkner Kerstin, Leitzmann Michael F, Sedlmeier Anja M
机构信息
Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Center for Translational Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg and Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Regensburg; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany; Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Institute for Occupational and Maritime Medicine Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department for Epidemiology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany; Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany; Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; Institute for Prevention and Cancer Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Institute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics, and Informatics, Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany; Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology (IBE), Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany; Biobank Technology Platform, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Essen University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany; NAKO Study Center, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, Augsburg University Hospital, Augsburg, Germany; LIFE-Leipzig Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
出版信息
Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2024 Apr 5;121(7):207-213. doi: 10.3238/arztebl.m2024.0016.
BACKGROUND
Obesity is a worldwide health problem. We conducted detailed analyses of anthropometric measures in a comprehensive, population-based, current cohort in Germany.
METHODS
In the German National Cohort (NAKO), we analyzed cross-sectional data on body mass index (BMI), waist and hip circumference, subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) as measured by ultrasound, and body fat percentage. The data were stratified by sex, age, and self-reported physicians' diagnoses of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), metabolic diseases (MetD), cardiometabolic diseases (CMD), and cancer.
RESULTS
Data were available from 204 751 participants (age, 49.9 ± 12.8 years; 50.5% women). Body size measures generally increased with age. Men had a higher BMI, larger waist circumference, and more VAT than women, while women had a larger hip circumference, more SAT, and a higher body fat percentage than men. For example, the mean BMI of participants over age 60 was 28.3 kg/m2 in men and 27.6 kg/m2 in women. CVD, MetD, and CMD were associated with higher anthropometric values, while cancer was not. For example, the mean BMI was 25.3 kg/m2 in healthy women, 29.4 kg/m2 in women with CMD, and 25.4 kg/m2 in women with cancer.
CONCLUSION
Obesity is widespread in Germany, with notable differences between the sexes in anthro - pometric values. Obesity was more common in older participants and those with chronic diseases other than cancer. Elevated values were especially common in multimorbid individuals.
背景
肥胖是一个全球性的健康问题。我们在德国一个基于人群的综合现况队列中对人体测量指标进行了详细分析。
方法
在德国国民队列（NAKO）中，我们分析了体重指数（BMI）、腰围和臀围、通过超声测量的皮下脂肪（SAT）和内脏脂肪组织（VAT）以及体脂百分比的横断面数据。数据按性别、年龄以及自我报告的医生诊断的心血管疾病（CVD）、代谢疾病（MetD）、心脏代谢疾病（CMD）和癌症进行分层。
结果
共有204751名参与者的数据（年龄49.9±12.8岁；50.5%为女性）。身体尺寸测量值一般随年龄增加。男性的BMI、腰围和内脏脂肪比女性更高，而女性的臀围、皮下脂肪和体脂百分比比男性更高。例如，60岁以上参与者的平均BMI男性为28.3kg/m²，女性为27.6kg/m²。心血管疾病、代谢疾病和心脏代谢疾病与较高的人体测量值相关，而癌症则不然。例如，健康女性的平均BMI为25.3kg/m²，患心脏代谢疾病的女性为29.4kg/m²，患癌症的女性为25.4kg/m²。
结论
肥胖在德国普遍存在，人体测量值在性别之间存在显著差异。肥胖在老年参与者和患有除癌症以外的慢性病的人群中更为常见。在患有多种疾病的个体中，升高的值尤其常见。
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