School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
Department of Health Policy, Planning and Management, School of Public Health, University of Ghana Legon, Greater Accra Region, Ghana.
PLoS One. 2024 Feb 23;19(2):e0297393. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297393. eCollection 2024.
Climate change and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are considered the 21st Century's major health and development challenges. Both pose a disproportionate burden on low- and middle-income countries that are unprepared to cope with their synergistic effects. These two challenges pose risks for achieving many of the sustainable development goals (SDGs) and are both impacted by globalization through different pathways. While there are important insights on how climate change and or globalization impact NCDs in the general literature, comprehensive research that explores the influence of climate change and or globalization on NCDs is limited, particularly in the context of Africa. This review documents the pathways through which climate change and or globalization influence NCDs in Africa. We conducted a comprehensive literature search in eight electronic databases-Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Global Health Library, Science Direct, Medline, ProQuest, and Google Scholar. A total of 13864 studies were identified. Studies that were identified from more than one of the databases were automatically removed as duplicates (n = 9649). Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a total of 27 studies were eventually included in the final review. We found that the impacts of climate change and or globalization on NCDs act through three potential pathways: reduction in food production and nutrition, urbanization and transformation of food systems. Our review contributes to the existing literature by providing insights into the impact of climate change and or globalization on human health. We believe that our findings will help enlighten policy makers working on these pathways to facilitate the development of effective policy and public health interventions to mitigate the effects of climate change and globalization on the rising burden of NCDs and goal 3 of the SDG, in particular.
气候变化和非传染性疾病（NCDs）被认为是 21 世纪主要的健康和发展挑战。两者都给准备不足应对协同影响的中低收入国家带来了不成比例的负担。这两个挑战对实现许多可持续发展目标（SDGs）构成了风险，并且都通过不同途径受到全球化的影响。虽然一般文献中有关于气候变化和/或全球化如何影响 NCDs 的重要见解，但关于探讨气候变化和/或全球化对 NCDs 影响的综合研究有限，特别是在非洲的背景下。本综述记录了气候变化和/或全球化影响非洲 NCDs 的途径。我们在八个电子数据库——Web of Science、PubMed、Scopus、全球卫生图书馆、Science Direct、Medline、ProQuest 和 Google Scholar 中进行了全面的文献检索。共确定了 13864 项研究。从多个数据库中识别出的研究被自动视为重复项（n = 9649）并删除。根据系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南，最终共有 27 项研究纳入最终综述。我们发现，气候变化和/或全球化对 NCDs 的影响通过三种潜在途径发生：粮食生产和营养减少、城市化和粮食系统转型。我们的综述通过提供气候变化和/或全球化对人类健康影响的见解，为现有文献做出了贡献。我们相信，我们的发现将有助于为从事这些途径的政策制定者提供启示，以促进制定有效的政策和公共卫生干预措施，减轻气候变化和全球化对 NCDs 负担增加和可持续发展目标 3 的影响，特别是在这方面。
