Abu-Shawareb H, Acree R, Adams P, Adams J, Addis B, Aden R, Adrian P, Afeyan B B, Aggleton M, Aghaian L, Aguirre A, Aikens D, Akre J, Albert F, Albrecht M, Albright B J, Albritton J, Alcala J, Alday C, Alessi D A, Alexander N, Alfonso J, Alfonso N, Alger E, Ali S J, Ali Z A, Allen A, Alley W E, Amala P, Amendt P A, Amick P, Ammula S, Amorin C, Ampleford D J, Anderson R W, Anklam T, Antipa N, Appelbe B, Aracne-Ruddle C, Araya E, Archuleta T N, Arend M, Arnold P, Arnold T, Arsenlis A, Asay J, Atherton L J, Atkinson D, Atkinson R, Auerbach J M, Austin B, Auyang L, Awwal A A S, Aybar N, Ayers J, Ayers S, Ayers T, Azevedo S, Bachmann B, Back C A, Bae J, Bailey D S, Bailey J, Baisden T, Baker K L, Baldis H, Barber D, Barberis M, Barker D, Barnes A, Barnes C W, Barrios M A, Barty C, Bass I, Batha S H, Baxamusa S H, Bazan G, Beagle J K, Beale R, Beck B R, Beck J B, Bedzyk M, Beeler R G, Beeler R G, Behrendt W, Belk L, Bell P, Belyaev M, Benage J F, Bennett G, Benedetti L R, Benedict L X, Berger R L, Bernat T, Bernstein L A, Berry B, Bertolini L, Besenbruch G, Betcher J, Bettenhausen R, Betti R, Bezzerides B, Bhandarkar S D, Bickel R, Biener J, Biesiada T, Bigelow K, Bigelow-Granillo J, Bigman V, Bionta R M, Birge N W, Bitter M, Black A C, Bleile R, Bleuel D L, Bliss E, Bliss E, Blue B, Boehly T, Boehm K, Boley C D, Bonanno R, Bond E J, Bond T, Bonino M J, Borden M, Bourgade J-L, Bousquet J, Bowers J, Bowers M, Boyd R, Boyle D, Bozek A, Bradley D K, Bradley K S, Bradley P A, Bradley L, Brannon L, Brantley P S, Braun D, Braun T, Brienza-Larsen K, Briggs R, Briggs T M, Britten J, Brooks E D, Browning D, Bruhn M W, Brunner T A, Bruns H, Brunton G, Bryant B, Buczek T, Bude J, Buitano L, Burkhart S, Burmark J, Burnham A, Burr R, Busby L E, Butlin B, Cabeltis R, Cable M, Cabot W H, Cagadas B, Caggiano J, Cahayag R, Caldwell S E, Calkins S, Callahan D A, Calleja-Aguirre J, Camara L, Camp D, Campbell E M, Campbell J H, Carey B, Carey R, Carlisle K, Carlson L, Carman L, Carmichael J, Carpenter A, Carr C, Carrera J A, Casavant D, Casey A, Casey D T, Castillo A, Castillo E, Castor J I, Castro C, Caughey W, Cavitt R, Celeste J, Celliers P M, Cerjan C, Chandler G, Chang B, Chang C, Chang J, Chang L, Chapman R, Chapman T D, Chase L, Chen H, Chen H, Chen K, Chen L-Y, Cheng B, Chittenden J, Choate C, Chou J, Chrien R E, Chrisp M, Christensen K, Christensen M, Christiansen N S, Christopherson A R, Chung M, Church J A, Clark A, Clark D S, Clark K, Clark R, Claus L, Cline B, Cline J A, Cobble J A, Cochrane K, Cohen B, Cohen S, Collette M R, Collins G W, Collins L A, Collins T J B, Conder A, Conrad B, Conyers M, Cook A W, Cook D, Cook R, Cooley J C, Cooper G, Cope T, Copeland S R, Coppari F, Cortez J, Cox J, Crandall D H, Crane J, Craxton R S, Cray M, Crilly A, Crippen J W, Cross D, Cuneo M, Cuotts G, Czajka C E, Czechowicz D, Daly T, Danforth P, Danly C, Darbee R, Darlington B, Datte P, Dauffy L, Davalos G, Davidovits S, Davis P, Davis J, Dawson S, Day R D, Day T H, Dayton M, Deck C, Decker C, Deeney C, DeFriend K A, Deis G, Delamater N D, Delettrez J A, Demaret R, Demos S, Dempsey S M, Desjardin R, Desjardins T, Desjarlais M P, Dewald E L, DeYoreo J, Diaz S, Dimonte G, Dittrich T R, Divol L, Dixit S N, Dixon J, Do A, Dodd E S, Dolan D, Donovan A, Donovan M, Döppner T, Dorrer C, Dorsano N, Douglas M R, Dow D, Downie J, Downing E, Dozieres M, Draggoo V, Drake D, Drake R P, Drake T, Dreifuerst G, Drury O, DuBois D F, DuBois P F, Dunham G, Durocher M, Dylla-Spears R, Dymoke-Bradshaw A K L, Dzenitis B, Ebbers C, Eckart M, Eddinger S, Eder D, Edgell D, Edwards M J, Efthimion P, Eggert J H, Ehrlich B, Ehrmann P, Elhadj S, Ellerbee C, Elliott N S, Ellison C L, Elsner F, Emerich M, Engelhorn K, England T, English E, Epperson P, Epstein R, Erbert G, Erickson M A, Erskine D J, Erlandson A, Espinosa R J, Estes C, Estabrook K G, Evans S, Fabyan A, Fair J, Fallejo R, Farmer N, Farmer W A, Farrell M, Fatherley V E, Fedorov M, Feigenbaum E, Fehrenbach T, Feit M, Felker B, Ferguson W, Fernandez J C, Fernandez-Panella A, Fess S, Field J E, Filip C V, Fincke J R, Finn T, Finnegan S M, Finucane R G, Fischer M, Fisher A, Fisher J, Fishler B, Fittinghoff D, Fitzsimmons P, Flegel M, Flippo K A, Florio J, Folta J, Folta P, Foreman L R, Forrest C, Forsman A, Fooks J, Foord M, Fortner R, Fournier K, Fratanduono D E, Frazier N, Frazier T, Frederick C, Freeman M S, Frenje J, Frey D, Frieders G, Friedrich S, Froula D H, Fry J, Fuller T, Gaffney J, Gales S, Le Galloudec B, Le Galloudec K K, Gambhir A, Gao L, Garbett W J, Garcia A, Gates C, Gaut E, Gauthier P, Gavin Z, Gaylord J, Geddes C G R, Geissel M, Génin F, Georgeson J, Geppert-Kleinrath H, Geppert-Kleinrath V, Gharibyan N, Gibson J, Gibson C, Giraldez E, Glebov V, Glendinning S G, Glenn S, Glenzer S H, Goade S, Gobby P L, Goldman S R, Golick B, Gomez M, Goncharov V, Goodin D, Grabowski P, Grafil E, Graham P, Grandy J, Grasz E, Graziani F R, Greenman G, Greenough J A, Greenwood A, Gregori G, Green T, Griego J R, Grim G P, Grondalski J, Gross S, Guckian J, Guler N, Gunney B, Guss G, Haan S, Hackbarth J, Hackel L, Hackel R, Haefner C, Hagmann C, Hahn K D, Hahn S, Haid B J, Haines B M, Hall B M, Hall C, Hall G N, Hamamoto M, Hamel S, Hamilton C E, Hammel B A, Hammer J H, Hampton G, Hamza A, Handler A, Hansen S, Hanson D, Haque R, Harding D, Harding E, Hares J D, Harris D B, Harte J A, Hartouni E P, Hatarik R, Hatchett S, Hauer A A, Havre M, Hawley R, Hayes J, Hayes J, Hayes S, Hayes-Sterbenz A, Haynam C A, Haynes D A, Headley D, Heal A, Heebner J E, Heerey S, Heestand G M, Heeter R, Hein N, Heinbockel C, Hendricks C, Henesian M, Heninger J, Henrikson J, Henry E A, Herbold E B, Hermann M R, Hermes G, Hernandez J E, Hernandez V J, Herrmann M C, Herrmann H W, Herrera O D, Hewett D, Hibbard R, Hicks D G, Higginson D P, Hill D, Hill K, Hilsabeck T, Hinkel D E, Ho D D, Ho V K, Hoffer J K, Hoffman N M, Hohenberger M, Hohensee M, Hoke W, Holdener D, Holdener F, Holder J P, Holko B, Holunga D, Holzrichter J F, Honig J, Hoover D, Hopkins D, Berzak Hopkins L F, Hoppe M, Hoppe M L, Horner J, Hornung R, Horsfield C J, Horvath J, Hotaling D, House R, Howell L, Hsing W W, Hu S X, Huang H, Huckins J, Hui H, Humbird K D, Hund J, Hunt J, Hurricane O A, Hutton M, Huynh K H-K, Inandan L, Iglesias C, Igumenshchev I V, Ivanovich I, Izumi N, Jackson M, Jackson J, Jacobs S D, James G, Jancaitis K, Jarboe J, Jarrott L C, Jasion D, Jaquez J, Jeet J, Jenei A E, Jensen J, Jimenez J, Jimenez R, Jobe D, Johal Z, Johns H M, Johnson D, Johnson M A, Gatu Johnson M, Johnson R J, Johnson S, Johnson S A, Johnson T, Jones K, Jones O, Jones M, Jorge R, Jorgenson H J, Julian M, Jun B I, Jungquist R, Kaae J, Kabadi N, Kaczala D, Kalantar D, Kangas K, Karasiev V V, Karasik M, Karpenko V, Kasarky A, Kasper K, Kauffman R, Kaufman M I, Keane C, Keaty L, Kegelmeyer L, Keiter P A, Kellett P A, Kellogg J, Kelly J H, Kemic S, Kemp A J, Kemp G E, Kerbel G D, Kershaw D, Kerr S M, Kessler T J, Key M H, Khan S F, Khater H, Kiikka C, Kilkenny J, Kim Y, Kim Y-J, Kimko J, Kimmel M, Kindel J M, King J, Kirkwood R K, Klaus L, Klem D, Kline J L, Klingmann J, Kluth G, Knapp P, Knauer J, Knipping J, Knudson M, Kobs D, Koch J, Kohut T, Kong C, Koning J M, Koning P, Konior S, Kornblum H, Kot L B, Kozioziemski B, Kozlowski M, Kozlowski P M, Krammen J, Krasheninnikova N S, Krauland C M, Kraus B, Krauser W, Kress J D, Kritcher A L, Krieger E, Kroll J J, Kruer W L, Kruse M K G, Kucheyev S, Kumbera M, Kumpan S, Kunimune J, Kur E, Kustowski B, Kwan T J T, Kyrala G A, Laffite S, Lafon M, LaFortune K, Lagin L, Lahmann B, Lairson B, Landen O L, Land T, Lane M, Laney D, Langdon A B, Langenbrunner J, Langer S H, Langro A, Lanier N E, Lanier T E, Larson D, Lasinski B F, Lassle D, LaTray D, Lau G, Lau N, Laumann C, Laurence A, Laurence T A, Lawson J, Le H P, Leach R R, Leal L, Leatherland A, LeChien K, Lechleiter B, Lee A, Lee M, Lee T, Leeper R J, Lefebvre E, Leidinger J-P, LeMire B, Lemke R W, Lemos N C, Le Pape S, Lerche R, Lerner S, Letts S, Levedahl K, Lewis T, Li C K, Li H, Li J, Liao W, Liao Z M, Liedahl D, Liebman J, Lindford G, Lindman E L, Lindl J D, Loey H, London R A, Long F, Loomis E N, Lopez F E, Lopez H, Losbanos E, Loucks S, Lowe-Webb R, Lundgren E, Ludwigsen A P, Luo R, Lusk J, Lyons R, Ma T, Macallop Y, MacDonald M J, MacGowan B J, Mack J M, Mackinnon A J, MacLaren S A, MacPhee A G, Magelssen G R, Magoon J, Malone R M, Malsbury T, Managan R, Mancini R, Manes K, Maney D, Manha D, Mannion O M, Manuel A M, Manuel M J-E, Mapoles E, Mara G, Marcotte T, Marin E, Marinak M M, Mariscal D A, Mariscal E F, Marley E V, Marozas J A, Marquez R, Marshall C D, Marshall F J, Marshall M, Marshall S, Marticorena J, Martinez J I, Martinez D, Maslennikov I, Mason D, Mason R J, Masse L, Massey W, Masson-Laborde P-E, Masters N D, Mathisen D, Mathison E, Matone J, Matthews M J, Mattoon C, Mattsson T R, Matzen K, Mauche C W, Mauldin M, McAbee T, McBurney M, Mccarville T, McCrory R L, McEvoy A M, McGuffey C, Mcinnis M, McKenty P, McKinley M S, McLeod J B, McPherson A, Mcquillan B, Meamber M, Meaney K D, Meezan N B, Meissner R, Mehlhorn T A, Mehta N C, Menapace J, Merrill F E, Merritt B T, Merritt E C, Meyerhofer D D, Mezyk S, Mich R J, Michel P A, Milam D, Miller C, Miller D, Miller D S, Miller E, Miller E K, Miller J, Miller M, Miller P E, Miller T, Miller W, Miller-Kamm V, Millot M, Milovich J L, Minner P, Miquel J-L, Mitchell S, Molvig K, Montesanti R C, Montgomery D S, Monticelli M, Montoya A, Moody J D, Moore A S, Moore E, Moran M, Moreno J C, Moreno K, Morgan B E, Morrow T, Morton J W, Moses E, Moy K, Muir R, Murillo M S, Murray J E, Murray J R, Munro D H, Murphy T J, Munteanu F M, Nafziger J, Nagayama T, Nagel S R, Nast R, Negres R A, Nelson A, Nelson D, Nelson J, Nelson S, Nemethy S, Neumayer P, Newman K, Newton M, Nguyen H, Di Nicola J-M G, Di Nicola P, Niemann C, Nikroo A, Nilson P M, Nobile A, Noorai V, Nora R C, Norton M, Nostrand M, Note V, Novell S, Nowak P F, Nunez A, Nyholm R A, O'Brien M, Oceguera A, Oertel J A, Oesterle A L, Okui J, Olejniczak B, Oliveira J, Olsen P, Olson B, Olson K, Olson R E, Opachich Y P, Orsi N, Orth C D, Owen M, Padalino S, Padilla E, Paguio R, Paguio S, Paisner J, Pajoom S, Pak A, Palaniyappan S, Palma K, Pannell T, Papp F, Paras D, Parham T, Park H-S, Pasternak A, Patankar S, Patel M V, Patel P K, Patterson R, Patterson S, Paul B, Paul M, Pauli E, Pearce O T, Pearcy J, Pedretti A, Pedrotti B, Peer A, Pelz L J, Penetrante B, Penner J, Perez A, Perkins L J, Pernice E, Perry T S, Person S, Petersen D, Petersen T, Peterson D L, Peterson E B, Peterson J E, Peterson J L, Peterson K, Peterson R R, Petrasso R D, Philippe F, Phillion D, Phipps T J, Piceno E, Pickworth L, Ping Y, Pino J, Piston K, Plummer R, Pollack G D, Pollaine S M, Pollock B B, Ponce D, Ponce J, Pontelandolfo J, Porter J L, Post J, Poujade O, Powell C, Powell H, Power G, Pozulp M, Prantil M, Prasad M, Pratuch S, Price S, Primdahl K, Prisbrey S, Procassini R, Pruyne A, Pudliner B, Qiu S R, Quan K, Quinn M, Quintenz J, Radha P B, Rainer F, Ralph J E, Raman K S, Raman R, Rambo P W, Rana S, Randewich A, Rardin D, Ratledge M, Ravelo N, Ravizza F, Rayce M, Raymond A, Raymond B, Reed B, Reed C, Regan S, Reichelt B, Reis V, Reisdorf S, Rekow V, Remington B A, Rendon A, Requieron W, Rever M, Reynolds H, Reynolds J, Rhodes J, Rhodes M, Richardson M C, Rice B, Rice N G, Rieben R, Rigatti A, Riggs S, Rinderknecht H G, Ring K, Riordan B, Riquier R, Rivers C, Roberts D, Roberts V, Robertson G, Robey H F, Robles J, Rocha P, Rochau G, Rodriguez J, Rodriguez S, Rosen M D, Rosenberg M, Ross G, Ross J S, Ross P, Rouse J, Rovang D, Rubenchik A M, Rubery M S, Ruiz C L, Rushford M, Russ B, Rygg J R, Ryujin B S, Sacks R A, Sacks R F, Saito K, Salmon T, Salmonson J D, Sanchez J, Samuelson S, Sanchez M, Sangster C, Saroyan A, Sater J, Satsangi A, Sauers S, Saunders R, Sauppe J P, Sawicki R, Sayre D, Scanlan M, Schaffers K, Schappert G T, Schiaffino S, Schlossberg D J, Schmidt D W, Schmit P F, Smidt J M, Schneider D H G, Schneider M B, Schneider R, Schoff M, Schollmeier M, Schroeder C R, Schrauth S E, Scott H A, Scott I, Scott J M, Scott R H H, Scullard C R, Sedillo T, Seguin F H, Seka W, Senecal J, Sepke S M, Seppala L, Sequoia K, Severyn J, Sevier J M, Sewell N, Seznec S, Shah R C, Shamlian J, Shaughnessy D, Shaw M, Shaw R, Shearer C, Shelton R, Shen N, Sherlock M W, Shestakov A I, Shi E L, Shin S J, Shingleton N, Shmayda W, Shor M, Shoup M, Shuldberg C, Siegel L, Silva F J, Simakov A N, Sims B T, Sinars D, Singh P, Sio H, Skulina K, Skupsky S, Slutz S, Sluyter M, Smalyuk V A, Smauley D, Smeltser R M, Smith C, Smith I, Smith J, Smith L, Smith R, Smith R, Schölmerich M, Sohn R, Sommer S, Sorce C, Sorem M, Soures J M, Spaeth M L, Spears B K, Speas S, Speck D, Speck R, Spears J, Spinka T, Springer P T, Stadermann M, Stahl B, Stahoviak J, Stanley J, Stanton L G, Steele R, Steele W, Steinman D, Stemke R, Stephens R, Sterbenz S, Sterne P, Stevens D, Stevers J, Still C H, Stoeckl C, Stoeffl W, Stolken J S, Stolz C, Storm E, Stone G, Stoupin S, Stout E, Stowers I, Strauser R, Streckart H, Streit J, Strozzi D J, Stutz J, Summers L, Suratwala T, Sutcliffe G, Suter L J, Sutton S B, Svidzinski V, Swadling G, Sweet W, Szoke A, Tabak M, Takagi M, Tambazidis A, Tang V, Taranowski M, Taylor L A, Telford S, Theobald W, Thi M, Thomas A, Thomas C A, Thomas I, Thomas R, Thompson I J, Thongstisubskul A, Thorsness C B, Tietbohl G, Tipton R E, Tobin M, Tomlin N, Tommasini R, Toreja A J, Torres J, Town R P J, Townsend S, Trenholme J, Trivelpiece A, Trosseille C, Truax H, Trummer D, Trummer S, Truong T, Tubbs D, Tubman E R, Tunnell T, Turnbull D, Turner R E, Ulitsky M, Upadhye R, Vaher J L, VanArsdall P, VanBlarcom D, Vandenboomgaerde M, VanQuinlan R, Van Wonterghem B M, Varnum W S, Velikovich A L, Vella A, Verdon C P, Vermillion B, Vernon S, Vesey R, Vickers J, Vignes R M, Visosky M, Vocke J, Volegov P L, Vonhof S, Von Rotz R, Vu H X, Vu M, Wall D, Wall J, Wallace R, Wallin B, Walmer D, Walsh C A, Walters C F, Waltz C, Wan A, Wang A, Wang Y, Wark J S, Warner B E, Watson J, Watt R G, Watts P, Weaver J, Weaver R P, Weaver S, Weber C R, Weber P, Weber S V, Wegner P, Welday B, Welser-Sherrill L, Weiss K, Wharton K B, Wheeler G F, Whistler W, White R K, Whitley H D, Whitman P, Wickett M E, Widmann K, Widmayer C, Wiedwald J, Wilcox R, Wilcox S, Wild C, Wilde B H, Wilde C H, Wilhelmsen K, Wilke M D, Wilkens H, Wilkins P, Wilks S C, Williams E A, Williams G J, Williams W, Williams W H, Wilson D C, Wilson B, Wilson E, Wilson R, Winters S, Wisoff P J, Wittman M, Wolfe J, Wong A, Wong K W, Wong L, Wong N, Wood R, Woodhouse D, Woodruff J, Woods D T, Woods S, Woodworth B N, Wooten E, Wootton A, Work K, Workman J B, Wright J, Wu M, Wuest C, Wysocki F J, Xu H, Yamaguchi M, Yang B, Yang S T, Yatabe J, Yeamans C B, Yee B C, Yi S A, Yin L, Young B, Young C S, Young C V, Young P, Youngblood K, Yu J, Zacharias R, Zagaris G, Zaitseva N, Zaka F, Ze F, Zeiger B, Zika M, Zimmerman G B, Zobrist T, Zuegel J D, Zylstra A B
General Atomics, San Diego, California 92186, USA.
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551-0808, USA.
Phys Rev Lett. 2024 Feb 9;132(6):065102. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.132.065102.
On December 5, 2022, an indirect drive fusion implosion on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) achieved a target gain G_{target} of 1.5. This is the first laboratory demonstration of exceeding "scientific breakeven" (or G_{target}>1) where 2.05 MJ of 351 nm laser light produced 3.1 MJ of total fusion yield, a result which significantly exceeds the Lawson criterion for fusion ignition as reported in a previous NIF implosion [H. Abu-Shawareb et al. (Indirect Drive ICF Collaboration), Phys. Rev. Lett. 129, 075001 (2022)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.129.075001]. This achievement is the culmination of more than five decades of research and gives proof that laboratory fusion, based on fundamental physics principles, is possible. This Letter reports on the target, laser, design, and experimental advancements that led to this result.
2022年12月5日，国家点火装置（NIF）上的一次间接驱动聚变内爆实现了1.5的目标增益G_target。这是首次在实验室中证明超过“科学收支平衡”（即G_target>1），其中351纳米的2.05兆焦激光产生了3.1兆焦的总聚变产额，这一结果显著超过了之前NIF内爆所报告的聚变点火劳森判据[H. Abu-Shawareb等人（间接驱动惯性约束聚变合作团队），《物理评论快报》129, 075001 (2022)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.129.075001]。这一成就凝聚了五十多年的研究成果，并证明基于基本物理原理的实验室聚变是可行的。本信函报道了促成这一结果的靶、激光、设计及实验进展。
