Center for Environmental Studies and Research (NEPAM), State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-867, SP, Brazil.
Faculty of Forestry, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Altamira 68372-040, PA, Brazil.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2024 Jan 30;21(2):155. doi: 10.3390/ijerph21020155.
Within the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda, large hydropower dams are positioned as a sustainable energy source, notwithstanding their adverse impacts on societies and ecosystems. This study contributed to ongoing discussions about the persistence of critical social issues, even after the investments of large amounts of resources in areas impacted by the construction of large hydropower dams. Our study focused on food insecurity and evaluated this issue in the city of Altamira in the Brazilian Amazon, which has been profoundly socially and economically impacted by the construction, between 2011 and 2015, of Brazil's second-largest dam, namely, Belo Monte. A survey in Altamira city featured a 500-household random sample. Structural equation modeling showed conditioning factors of 60% of the population experiencing varying food insecurity degrees. Poverty, female-led households, lower education, youth, and unemployment were strongly linked to higher food insecurity. Crowded, officially impacted, and resettled households also faced heightened food insecurity. Our findings underscore the food insecurity conditions in the region impacted by the Belo Monte dam, emphasizing the need to take into account this crucial issue while planning and implementing hydropower dams.
在 2030 年可持续发展议程中，大型水坝被定位为可持续能源，尽管它们对社会和生态系统有不利影响。本研究有助于讨论在大量资源投入到受大型水坝建设影响的地区后，仍然存在关键社会问题的现象。我们的研究集中在粮食不安全问题上，并评估了巴西亚马逊地区阿尔塔米拉市的这一问题，该市在 2011 年至 2015 年间建设了巴西第二大的贝拉蒙特大坝，其社会和经济受到了深刻的影响。在阿尔塔米拉市进行了一项涉及 500 户家庭的随机抽样调查。结构方程模型显示，60%的人口受到不同程度粮食不安全的影响。贫困、女性主导的家庭、较低的教育水平、青年和失业与更高的粮食不安全密切相关。拥挤、受官方影响和重新安置的家庭也面临着更高的粮食不安全。我们的研究结果强调了贝拉蒙特大坝影响地区的粮食不安全状况，强调在规划和实施水电大坝时需要考虑到这一关键问题。
