College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Department of Musculoskeletal Radiology, The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham, UK.
J Ultrasound. 2024 Dec;27(4):907-910. doi: 10.1007/s40477-023-00864-7. Epub 2024 Feb 24.
Malignant melanoma is a common and often aggressive neoplasm of the skin arising from melanocytes. Metastatic melanoma is known for its diverse clinical manifestations, and can present with atypical features prior to diagnosis of the primary lesion, which can pose a diagnostic challenge. We report a rare case of metastatic melanoma in a 67 year-old male who presented with a painless, enlarging mass in the right axilla over a 4 week period. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans revealed a well-defined solitary, cystic appearing lesion in the right axilla with a distinct fluid-fluid level. An ultrasound guided biopsy of the lesion diagnosed a metastatic melanoma. While haemorrhagic distant metastases are a well-recognised complication of malignant melanoma, particularly in the brain and lung, soft tissue metastases presenting with fluid-fluid levels is not well described in the literature. The case highlights the importance of considering the differential of melanoma metastasis when encountered with such a lesion and importance of ultrasound guided biopsy for histopathological confirmation, as the imaging features can mimic that of a haemorrhagic soft tissue sarcoma, the management of which differs substantially from that of melanoma.
恶性黑色素瘤是一种常见且常具侵袭性的皮肤肿瘤,来源于黑色素细胞。转移性黑色素瘤以其多样的临床表现为特征,在诊断原发性病变之前,可能出现不典型特征,这可能构成诊断挑战。我们报告一例罕见的 67 岁男性转移性黑色素瘤病例,该患者在 4 周内出现右侧腋窝无痛性、进行性增大的肿块。超声和磁共振成像(MRI)扫描显示右侧腋窝内有一个界限清楚的单一、囊性病变,具有明显的液-液平面。病变的超声引导活检诊断为转移性黑色素瘤。虽然出血性远处转移是恶性黑色素瘤的一种众所周知的并发症,特别是在脑和肺,但文献中并未很好地描述以液-液平面为特征的软组织转移。该病例强调了在遇到此类病变时考虑黑色素瘤转移的鉴别诊断的重要性,以及超声引导活检进行组织病理学确认的重要性,因为影像学特征可能类似于出血性软组织肉瘤,其治疗与黑色素瘤有很大不同。