Hamid K M, Onoja A B, Tofa U A, Garba K N
School of Medical Laboratory Science, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto, Nigeria.
Department of Virology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
Afr Health Sci. 2014 Mar;14(1):125-30. doi: 10.4314/ahs.v14i1.19.
Primary Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection during pregnancy is a frequent and serious threat to the fetus. As there is no vaccine alternative measures are needed to prevent congenital CMV infection.
This study determined CMV Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody among pregnant women in order to ascertain the immune status of mothers to guide policy makers.
A semi-structured questionnaire was initially administered to obtain information on demographic details, stage of pregnancy and risk factors. Blood was collected by venipuncture from 180 women attending the antenatal clinic in Murtala Mohammed Specialist Hospital Kano, Kano State, Nigeria. Sera samples were screened using CMV IgG ELISA kit (Dialab, Austria).
Out of 180 pregnant women, 164 (91.1%) were seropositive. Based on stages of pregnancy 6/6(100%), 52/60(86.7%) and 106/114(93.0%) were seropositive among women in the first, second and third trimesters respectively.
Seroprevalence of pregnant women to CMV Ig G is high, hence the need for CMV - IgM screening to know the extent of active infection. There is also need for public enlightenment on the methods of transmission, effective prevention and control strategies.
孕期原发性巨细胞病毒（CMV）感染对胎儿来说是常见且严重的威胁。由于没有疫苗，需要采取替代措施来预防先天性CMV感染。
本研究测定孕妇中的CMV免疫球蛋白G（IgG）抗体，以确定母亲的免疫状态，为政策制定者提供指导。
首先发放一份半结构化问卷，以获取人口统计学细节、妊娠阶段和危险因素等信息。通过静脉穿刺从尼日利亚卡诺州卡诺市穆尔塔拉·穆罕默德专科医院产前门诊的180名妇女中采集血液。血清样本使用CMV IgG ELISA试剂盒（奥地利迪拉布公司）进行筛查。
180名孕妇中，164名（91.1%）血清学呈阳性。根据妊娠阶段，孕早期、孕中期和孕晚期的血清学阳性率分别为6/6（100%）、52/60（86.7%）和106/114（93.0%）。
孕妇对CMV IgG的血清阳性率很高，因此需要进行CMV - IgM筛查以了解活动性感染的程度。还需要对公众进行关于传播方式、有效预防和控制策略的宣传。
