Senior Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, No. 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, People's Republic of China.
Department of Aesthetic and Reconstructive Breast Surgery, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 33 Badachu Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100144, People's Republic of China.
Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2024 Jun;48(11):2179-2189. doi: 10.1007/s00266-024-03861-1. Epub 2024 Feb 26.
Autologous fat grafting (AFG) has emerged as a highly sought-after plastic surgery procedure, although its success has been hampered by the uncertain fat survival rate. Current evidence suggests that adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) may contribute to fat retention in AFG. In previous studies, it was confirmed that thymosin beta 4 (Tβ4) could enhance fat survival in vivo, although the precise mechanism remains unclear.
ADSCs were isolated from patients undergoing liposuction and their proliferation, apoptosis, anti-apoptosis, and migration were analyzed under Tβ4 stimulation using cell counting kit-8, flow cytometry, wound healing assay, and real-time quantitative PCR. The mRNA levels of genes relating to angiogenesis and Hippo signaling were also determined.
Tβ4 at 100 ng/mL (p-value = 0.0171) and 1000 ng/mL (p-value = 0.0054) significantly increased ADSC proliferation from day 1 compared to the control group (0 ng/mL). In addition, the mRNA levels of proliferation-associated genes were elevated in the Tβ4 group. Furthermore, Tβ4 enhanced the anti-apoptotic ability of ADSCs when stimulated with Tβ4 and an apoptotic induction reagent (0 ng/mL vs. 1000 ng/mL, p-value = 0.011). Crucially, the mRNA expression levels of angiogenesis-related genes and critical genes in the Hippo pathway were affected by Tβ4 in ADSCs.
Tβ4 enhances adipose viability in AFG via facilitating ADSC proliferation and reducing apoptosis, and acts as a crucial positive regulator of ADSC-associated angiogenesis. Additionally, Tβ4 could be accountable for the phenotypic adjustment of ADSCs by regulating the Hippo pathway.
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自体脂肪移植 (AFG) 已成为一种备受追捧的整形手术方法，但由于脂肪存活率不确定，其成功率受到了阻碍。目前的证据表明，脂肪来源干细胞 (ADSCs) 可能有助于 AFG 中的脂肪保留。在之前的研究中，已经证实胸腺肽 β4 (Tβ4) 可以增强体内脂肪的存活率，尽管确切的机制尚不清楚。
从接受吸脂术的患者中分离 ADSC，并在 Tβ4 刺激下使用细胞计数试剂盒-8、流式细胞术、划痕愈合试验和实时定量 PCR 分析其增殖、凋亡、抗凋亡和迁移。还测定了与血管生成和 Hippo 信号相关的基因的 mRNA 水平。
与对照组 (0 ng/mL) 相比，100ng/mL (p 值=0.0171) 和 1000ng/mL (p 值=0.0054) 的 Tβ4 从第 1 天开始显著增加 ADSC 的增殖。此外，Tβ4 组中与增殖相关的基因的 mRNA 水平升高。此外，Tβ4 增强了 Tβ4 和凋亡诱导剂刺激下 ADSC 的抗凋亡能力 (0ng/mL 与 1000ng/mL，p 值=0.011)。至关重要的是，Tβ4 影响 ADSC 中血管生成相关基因和 Hippo 通路关键基因的 mRNA 表达水平。
Tβ4 通过促进 ADSC 增殖和减少凋亡来增强 AFG 中的脂肪活力，并作为 ADSC 相关血管生成的关键正调节剂。此外，Tβ4 通过调节 Hippo 通路可能导致 ADSC 的表型调整。
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