Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California - San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of California - San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Immunol Rev. 2024 May;323(1):40-53. doi: 10.1111/imr.13313. Epub 2024 Feb 27.
The ability of cells of the immune system to acquire features such as increased longevity and enhanced secondary responses was long thought to be restricted to cells of the adaptive immune system. Natural killer (NK) cells have challenged this notion by demonstrating that they can also gain adaptive features. This has been observed in both humans and mice during infection with cytomegalovirus (CMV). The generation of adaptive NK cells requires antigen-specific recognition of virally infected cells through stimulatory NK receptors. These receptors lack the ability to signal on their own and rather rely on adaptor molecules that contain ITAMs for driving signals. Here, we highlight our understanding of how these receptors influence the production of adaptive NK cells and propose areas in the field that merit further investigation.
长期以来，人们一直认为免疫系统细胞获得特征（如寿命延长和增强二次反应）的能力仅限于适应性免疫系统细胞。自然杀伤 (NK) 细胞通过证明它们也可以获得适应性特征，对这一观点提出了挑战。在人类和小鼠感染巨细胞病毒 (CMV) 时都观察到了这种情况。适应性 NK 细胞的产生需要通过刺激 NK 受体对病毒感染的细胞进行抗原特异性识别。这些受体本身不能发出信号，而是依赖于含有 ITAM 的衔接分子来驱动信号。在这里，我们强调了我们对这些受体如何影响适应性 NK 细胞产生的理解，并提出了该领域值得进一步研究的领域。
