Morowatisharifabad Mohammad Ail, Sharifabad Mahdieh Hosseini, Aboutorabi-Zarchi Marzieh
Department of Aging and Health, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Curr Aging Sci. 2024;17(3):237-246. doi: 10.2174/0118746098277513240207070946.
Dizziness and balance disorders are directly related to aging in humans- Dizziness is one of the most important factors causing the burden of disability after the age of 65. Bearing in mind the increase in the elderly population in Iran and the world and the prevalence of dizziness in old age, early diagnosis of dizziness and determination of the factors affecting its severity facilitate its treatment and are effective in preventing its adverse consequences.
To determine the prevalence of dizziness and its related factors among older adults in Ardakan city, Yazd province, Iran, in 2022.
This cross-sectional study was conducted in four comprehensive health centers of Ardakan city with the participation of 260 elderly people aged ≥60 years, who were randomly included in the study. Data were collected using a series of questionnaires which were completed by interviewing the participants. The variables of this study included demographic information, information related to the dizziness status, diseases, medications, use of mobility aids, physical activity level, fear of falling, quality of life and depression.
The prevalence of dizziness among older adults of Ardakan city was 48.5%. In terms of the severity of dizziness, 38.8% had substantial dizziness, and 9.6% had mild dizziness. Dizziness was significantly related to physical activity (p<0.05), fear of falling (p <0.01), depression (p <0.05), history of falling (p <0.01), use of mobility aids (p <0.01), age (p<0.01), education level (p<0.01), gender (p <0.05) and diseases such as high blood pressure (p<0.05), hypothyroidism (p <0.01) and ear diseases(p <0.01). Also, elderly people with dizziness used significantly more medications such as sedatives (p<0.01), antihypertensive drugs (p <0.05) and cytotoxic drugs (p <0.01).
About half of the older adults experience dizziness, and this problem is associated with depression, fear of falling, history of falling, low physical activity, age, female gender, ear diseases, high blood pressure, and hypothyroidism. In addition, the use of medications such as anti- hypertensives, sedatives and cytotoxic drugs is related to dizziness. Families with elderly people, doctors and healthcare workers need to be educated and pay more attention to the above.
头晕和平衡障碍与人类衰老直接相关。头晕是导致65岁以上人群残疾负担的最重要因素之一。鉴于伊朗和世界老年人口的增加以及老年头晕的患病率，早期诊断头晕并确定影响其严重程度的因素有助于治疗，并有效预防其不良后果。
确定2022年伊朗亚兹德省阿尔达坎市老年人头晕的患病率及其相关因素。
本横断面研究在阿尔达坎市的四个综合健康中心进行，260名年龄≥60岁的老年人参与研究，他们被随机纳入研究。通过访谈参与者完成一系列问卷来收集数据。本研究的变量包括人口统计学信息、与头晕状况、疾病、药物、使用辅助移动工具、身体活动水平、跌倒恐惧、生活质量和抑郁相关的信息。
阿尔达坎市老年人头晕的患病率为48.5%。就头晕的严重程度而言，38.8%的人有严重头晕，9.6%的人有轻度头晕。头晕与身体活动（p<0.05）、跌倒恐惧（p<0.01）、抑郁（p<0.05）、跌倒史（p<0.01）、使用辅助移动工具（p<0.01）、年龄（p<0.01）、教育水平（p<0.01）、性别（p<0.05）以及高血压（p<0.05）、甲状腺功能减退（p<0.01）和耳部疾病（p<0.01）等疾病显著相关。此外，头晕的老年人使用镇静剂（p<0.01）、抗高血压药物（p<0.05）和细胞毒性药物（p<0.01）等药物的比例明显更高。
约一半的老年人经历头晕，这个问题与抑郁、跌倒恐惧、跌倒史、身体活动水平低、年龄、女性性别、耳部疾病、高血压和甲状腺功能减退有关。此外，使用抗高血压药、镇静剂和细胞毒性药物等药物与头晕有关。需要对有老年人的家庭、医生和医护人员进行教育，并更多地关注上述问题。
