Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India.
Division of Agronomy, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India.
World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2024 Feb 28;40(4):112. doi: 10.1007/s11274-024-03895-2.
Organic agriculture is a sustainable method of farming, and confers disease-suppressing abilities to disease-conducive soils via specialized soil microbiomes. This study aimed at transforming a disease-conducive soil from a conventional field into disease-suppressive soil by inoculating soil from an organic field previously established as "disease-suppressive". The effectiveness of the transformed soil was established with the model plant wheat (Triticum aestivum) grown under natural conditions, with regard to its potential in inhibiting fungal phytopathogens, Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium oxysporum. The conducive soil inoculated with the disease-suppressive soil performed better than the control conducive soil in terms of reduced disease severity in plants, improved soil nutrient content, increased activity of hydrolytic enzymes, and increased abundance of structural and functional microbial markers. The study demonstrates the efficacy of the soil microbiome under long-term organic agriculture in transforming disease-conducive soil into disease-suppressive soils. Such practises are simple and easy to implement, and could greatly improve the sustainability and crop yield in developing countries.
有机农业是一种可持续的农业方法，通过专门的土壤微生物组为有利于疾病的土壤赋予抑制疾病的能力。本研究旨在通过接种先前已建立为“抑制疾病”的有机田地土壤，将常规田地中的有利于疾病的土壤转化为抑制疾病的土壤。使用在自然条件下生长的模式植物小麦（Triticum aestivum）来确定转化土壤的有效性，以评估其抑制真菌植物病原菌立枯丝核菌和尖孢镰刀菌的潜力。与对照有利于疾病的土壤相比，接种抑制疾病土壤的有利于疾病的土壤在植物疾病严重程度降低、土壤养分含量提高、水解酶活性增加以及结构和功能微生物标记物丰度增加方面表现更好。该研究证明了长期有机农业下土壤微生物组将有利于疾病的土壤转化为抑制疾病的土壤的功效。这种做法简单易行，可以极大地提高发展中国家的可持续性和作物产量。
