Center for the Study of Health and Risk Behaviors, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2024 Sep;85(5):742-749. doi: 10.15288/jsad.23-00206. Epub 2024 Mar 1.
Alcohol expectancies are beliefs people have about the likelihood of experiencing various positive or negative consequences related to alcohol use. Expectancies have most commonly been treated as traitlike characteristics of individuals, but some researchers have assessed expectancies as state-level characteristics that vary within persons across days. Previous work developed a 13-item daily alcohol expectancies measure. This study evaluated an expanded version of that measure that includes 10 additional expectancy items.
Participants were 2- and 4-year college students ( = 201; 63.7% female; 55.2% White non-Hispanic; 75.1% 4-year students) randomized to the control group of a longitudinal study designed to test the efficacy of a just-in-time adaptive intervention delivered via mobile app to reduce high-risk alcohol use. Multilevel exploratory factor analysis was used to determine the factor structure at the daily and person levels. Multilevel models were used to evaluate the convergent validity of the resulting subscales.
Two factors, broadly representing positive and negative alcohol expectancies, were retained at the daily and person levels. Composite reliability (omega) estimates ranged from .85 to .96 and suggested that the reliability of the resulting subscales was good to strong. Associations between the daily expectancy subscales and baseline scores on an established expectancies measure provided preliminary evidence of convergent validity.
Findings indicate that this expanded 23-item daily alcohol expectancies measure is psychometrically sound. This measure is appropriate for use in daily or just-in-time expectancy challenge interventions. It is suitable for use among 2- and 4-year college students who drink alcohol regularly and occasionally in heavy quantities and who experience alcohol-related negative consequences.
酒精预期是人们对与饮酒相关的各种积极或消极后果的可能性的信念。预期最常被视为个体的特质特征，但一些研究人员将其评估为个体在不同天内的状态水平特征。先前的工作开发了一种 13 项的日常酒精预期测量方法。本研究评估了该测量方法的扩展版本，其中包括 10 项额外的预期项目。
参与者为 2 年制和 4 年制大学生（=201；63.7%为女性；55.2%为白种非西班牙裔；75.1%为 4 年制学生），随机分配到一项纵向研究的对照组，该研究旨在测试通过移动应用程序提供的及时自适应干预措施减少高风险饮酒的功效。多级探索性因素分析用于确定日常和个人水平的因素结构。多级模型用于评估得出的子量表的收敛效度。
在日常和个人水平上保留了两个因素，大致代表积极和消极的酒精预期。综合可靠性（omega）估计值在.85 到.96 之间，表明所得子量表的可靠性良好到很强。日常预期子量表与既定预期测量的基线得分之间的关联提供了收敛效度的初步证据。
研究结果表明，这种扩展的 23 项日常酒精预期测量方法具有良好的心理测量学特性。这种方法适用于日常或及时的预期挑战干预。它适用于经常饮酒且偶尔大量饮酒并经历与酒精相关的负面后果的 2 年制和 4 年制大学生。
