Wang Yue, Wang Shunli, Ni Ji-Qin, Shi Shengwei, Su Xiaoli, Zhang Jingyu, Zhu Zhiping, Dong Hongmin
Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resources, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100087, China.
Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
Waste Manag. 2024 Apr 15;178:311-320. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.02.046. Epub 2024 Mar 1.
Animal slurry storage is an important ammonia (NH) emission source. Sulfuric acid (HSO)-modified vermiculite coverage is a new promising technology for controlling NH emission from slurry storage. However, the underlying mechanisms in controlling the mitigation effect remain unclear. Here, a series of experiments to determine the effect of HSO on the modified vermiculite properties, floating persistence, and NH mitigation effect was conducted. Results showed that abundant HSO and sulfate remained on the outer surface and in the extended inner pores of the vermiculite with acidifying H concentrations higher than 5 M. An initial strong instantaneous acidification of surface slurry released rich carbon dioxide bubbles, strengthening cover floating performance. An acidification in the vermiculite cover layer and a good coverage inhibition interacted, being the two leading mechanisms for mitigating NH during initial 40-50 days of storage. The bacterial-amoA gene dominated the conversion of NH to nitrous oxide after 50 days of storage. Vermiculite with 5 M H modification reduced the NH emissions by 90 % within the first month of slurry storage and achieved a 64 % mitigation efficiency throughout the 84 days period. With the development of the aerial spraying equipment such as agricultural drones, acidifying vermiculite coverage hold promise as an effective method for reducing NH emission while absorbing nutrients from liquid slurry storage tank or lagoon. This design should now be tested under field conditions.
动物粪便储存是一个重要的氨（NH₃）排放源。硫酸（H₂SO₄）改性蛭石覆盖是一种控制粪便储存中NH₃排放的新的有前景的技术。然而，控制减排效果的潜在机制仍不清楚。在此，进行了一系列实验以确定H₂SO₄对改性蛭石性能、漂浮持久性和NH₃减排效果的影响。结果表明，当酸化H₂SO₄浓度高于5M时，大量的H₂SO₄和硫酸盐保留在蛭石的外表面和扩展的内部孔隙中。表面粪便最初的强烈瞬间酸化释放出丰富的二氧化碳气泡，增强了覆盖层的漂浮性能。蛭石覆盖层的酸化和良好的覆盖抑制相互作用，是储存最初40 - 50天内减轻NH₃排放的两个主要机制。储存50天后，细菌氨氧化基因主导了NH₃向一氧化二氮的转化。用5M H₂SO₄改性的蛭石在粪便储存的第一个月内将NH₃排放量减少了90%，并在整个84天期间实现了64%的减排效率。随着农用无人机等航空喷洒设备的发展，酸化蛭石覆盖有望成为一种在从液体粪便储存罐或泻湖中吸收养分的同时减少NH₃排放的有效方法。现在应该在田间条件下对这种设计进行测试。
