Wang Jiayi, Li Jie
Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008.
Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008.
Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2023 Oct 28;48(10):1602-1610. doi: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2023.230037.
Chronic urticaria is very common in clinic, but its pathogenesis is not fully elucidated. Most patients can't find the exact cause, resulting in misdiagnosis or delayed treatment. Previous studies have found that mast cell activation is the central link in the pathogenesis of chronic urticaria. Genetics, autoimmune, coagulation disorders, and infection may also be involved in the pathophysiological process of chronic urticaria. With the deepening of research, more immune and non-immune mechanisms have been gradually revealed in the pathogenesis of chronic urticaria, such as the interaction of immune cells in the microenvironment of urticaria, intestinal flora and metabolism, neuroimmunity, environmental factors and hormones. Clarifying the pathogenesis of chronic urticaria will help to find more treatment targets and provide more diversified ideas for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
慢性荨麻疹在临床上非常常见，但其发病机制尚未完全阐明。大多数患者无法找到确切病因，导致误诊或治疗延误。既往研究发现，肥大细胞活化是慢性荨麻疹发病机制的中心环节。遗传、自身免疫、凝血障碍及感染也可能参与慢性荨麻疹的病理生理过程。随着研究的深入，慢性荨麻疹发病机制中逐渐揭示出更多免疫和非免疫机制，如荨麻疹微环境中免疫细胞的相互作用、肠道菌群与代谢、神经免疫、环境因素及激素等。阐明慢性荨麻疹的发病机制将有助于找到更多治疗靶点，为临床诊断和治疗提供更多样化的思路。
