VNK Bersatu Resources Sdn Bhd, Klang, Selangor, 41200, Malaysia.
Faculty of Management, Multimedia University, Cyberjaya, Selangor, 63100, Malaysia.
F1000Res. 2024 Mar 4;11:144. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.73317.2. eCollection 2022.
The confidence of Bottom 40 (B40) shareholders is crucial for cooperative's sustenance within wider corporate governance. An in-depth study on cooperatives is needed, as they play a crucial role in the Malaysian economic system and contribute greatly to the country's social development. However, in the current landscape, confidence among shareholders is at stake. This study aims to identify the research gap into corporate governance for cooperativess in relation to B40 shareholder confidence, as well as identify current study challenges and develop a conceptual framework for future research.
We conducted a systematic literature review, with the use of agency theory to assess shareholders' confidence. Emerald, ProQuest, InderScience, Scopus and Science Direct were the online databases used in this study to search five keyword phrases: corporate governance, confidence, cooperative, agency theory and Bottom 40% (B40) household. Tranfield's five stages were used to conduct the systematic review.
Only 5 of the 324 studies assess shareholders' confidence in cooperatives, as well as one paper on B40 and two papers on agency theory. Our review presents three major findings. First, research in the context of B40 shareholder's confidence in cooperatives is scarce. Second, the challenges related to shareholders' confidence in B40 are major issues in the context. Third, research on agency theory in the context of shareholders' confidence within cooperatives and corporate governance is still scant.
This review urges the research community to conduct more studies based on the highlighted research gaps.
底层 40%（B40）股东的信心对于合作社在更广泛的公司治理中的持续发展至关重要。需要对合作社进行深入研究，因为它们在马来西亚经济体系中发挥着关键作用，为国家的社会发展做出了巨大贡献。然而，目前股东的信心受到了威胁。本研究旨在确定与 B40 股东信心相关的合作社公司治理研究中的空白，并确定当前研究的挑战，并为未来研究制定概念框架。
我们进行了系统的文献回顾，使用代理理论来评估股东的信心。本研究使用了 Emerald、ProQuest、InderScience、Scopus 和 Science Direct 等在线数据库，搜索了五个关键词短语：公司治理、信心、合作社、代理理论和底层 40%（B40）家庭。我们按照 Tranfield 的五个阶段进行了系统回顾。
只有 324 项研究中的 5 项评估了股东对合作社的信心，以及一篇关于 B40 的论文和两篇关于代理理论的论文。我们的综述提出了三个主要发现。首先，关于 B40 股东对合作社信心的研究很少。其次，与 B40 股东信心相关的挑战是这方面的主要问题。第三，关于股东信心在合作社和公司治理背景下的代理理论的研究仍然很少。
本综述敦促研究界根据强调的研究空白进行更多的研究。
