Yang Lin, Liu Lulu, Ji Lingbo, Jiang Chenxi, Jiang Zhongrong, Li Dongliang, Yang Zhen, Cai Wen, Zhou Quanwei, Lei Jinshan, Li Pinhe, Jia Yuhong, Liu Jie, Xu Heng, Hu Jun
Key Laboratory in Flavor & Fragrance Basic Research, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute, China National Tobacco Corporation, Zhengzhou, China.
Cigar Technology Innovation Center in Tobacco Industry, Chengdu, China.
Heliyon. 2024 Feb 19;10(4):e26630. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26630. eCollection 2024 Feb 29.
Cigars have unique aroma and style characteristics. In order to clarify the differences of aroma components between domestic and imported cigars and the material basis of the stylistic characteristics of different cigars, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and sensory evaluation were used to compare and analyze the aroma components in the mainstream smoke of four domestic cigars and two imported cigars. The GC-MS results showed that a total of 97 aroma components were measured in the smoke of the six cigars, and the types of aroma components were similar, but there were differences in their contents. In comparison with those of domestic cigars, imported cigars had suitable nicotine content, and higher contents of phytol, neophytadiene, 3-methylpentanoic acid, and (+)-δ-cadinene. To further explore the differences in the aroma components of the six cigars, GC-MS data combined with chemometrics were used to screen out 14 key aroma components based on -value (P) < 0.05, Variable Importance Projection (VIP) > 1, and Aroma Activity Values (OAV) > 1. The key aroma components of each cigar were obtained, Snow Dream No. 5: cedrol; Wangguan Guocui: 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, pyridine, 2-ethyl-6-methylpyrazine; General Achileus No. 3: p-cresol, 2-methylbutyraldehyde, methyl cyclopentenolone; Montecristo No. 4: cedrol, 2-methylbutyraldehyde, guaiacol, 4-vinylguaiacol, methyl cyclopentenolone; Romeo y Julieta Wide Churchills: cedrol, 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-6-methylpyrazine, 2-heptanone, phenethyl alcohol; Great Wall No. 2: p-cresol, phenethyl alcohol, geranylacetone, methyl cyclopentenolone, dihydroactinidiolide. The odor descriptors of these compounds were consistent with the aroma profiles that were prominent in the senses of each cigar. This experiment initially explored the differences in aroma composition and style characteristics of cigars and provided data to support the quality improvement of domestic cigars.
雪茄具有独特的香气和风格特征。为了阐明国产雪茄与进口雪茄香气成分的差异以及不同雪茄风格特征的物质基础，采用气相色谱 - 质谱联用（GC - MS）和感官评价方法，对4种国产雪茄和2种进口雪茄主流烟气中的香气成分进行了比较分析。GC - MS结果表明，6种雪茄烟气中共检测出97种香气成分，香气成分种类相似，但含量存在差异。与国产雪茄相比，进口雪茄尼古丁含量适宜，植醇、新植二烯、3 - 甲基戊酸和（+）-δ-杜松烯含量较高。为进一步探究6种雪茄香气成分的差异，结合化学计量学方法，基于P值（P）<0.05、变量重要性投影（VIP）>1和香气活性值（OAV）>1，从GC - MS数据中筛选出14种关键香气成分。得到了每种雪茄的关键香气成分，雪之梦5号：雪松醇；王冠（国粹）：6 - 甲基 - 5 - 庚烯 - 2 - 酮、吡啶、2 - 乙基 - 6 - 甲基吡嗪；将军（阿契里斯3号）：对甲酚、2 - 甲基丁醛、甲基环戊烯醇酮；蒙特克里斯托4号：雪松醇、2 - 甲基丁醛、愈创木酚、4 - 乙烯基愈创木酚、甲基环戊烯醇酮；罗密欧与朱丽叶宽丘（Romeo y Julieta Wide Churchills）：雪松醇、2,6 - 二甲基吡嗪、2 - 乙基 - 6 - 甲基吡嗪、2 - 庚酮、苯乙醇；长城2号：对甲酚、苯乙醇、香叶基丙酮、甲基环戊烯醇酮、二氢猕猴桃内酯。这些化合物的气味描述符与每种雪茄感官上突出的香气特征一致。本实验初步探究了雪茄香气成分和风格特征的差异，为国产雪茄品质提升提供了数据支持。
