Lin Chenxin, Li Danyi, Wang Xiaying, Yang Shuo
Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
Front Sports Act Living. 2024 Feb 16;6:1336648. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2024.1336648. eCollection 2024.
To systematically evaluate the effectiveness of chronic exercise in physical activity (PA) as an intervention for executive functions (EFs) in children.
We conducted a systematic search in the following online databases: Web of Science, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, and EBSCOhost. The timing is from database inception to July 2023, following PRISMA guidelines. Our inclusion criteria required studies reporting executive function (EF) levels in overweight children (age 0-18 years) before and after interventions. The Cochrane risk of bias tool assessed study bias, and Egger's test examined publication bias. Subgroup analyses considered three moderators: intervention duration, weekly frequency, and session length.
The meta-analysis included a total of 10 studies with 843 participants. It revealed a statistically significant yet relatively small overall positive effect (= 0.3, 95% CI 0.16-0.44, < 0.01) of chronic exercise on EF in overweight children. Importantly, there was no significant heterogeneity (= 11.64, = 12, = 0.48; = 0).
Chronic exercise interventions had a consistent positive impact on EF, irrespective of intervention duration, weekly frequency, or session length. However, given limitations in the number and design of studies, further high-quality research is needed to strengthen these conclusions.
PROSPERO identifier (CRD42023468588).
系统评价长期锻炼作为一种干预措施对儿童执行功能（EF）的有效性。
我们在以下在线数据库中进行了系统检索：科学网、考克兰图书馆、PubMed、Embase和EBSCOhost。检索时间从数据库建立至2023年7月，遵循PRISMA指南。我们的纳入标准要求研究报告超重儿童（0 - 18岁）干预前后的执行功能（EF）水平。考克兰偏倚风险工具评估研究偏倚，Egger检验检测发表偏倚。亚组分析考虑了三个调节因素：干预持续时间、每周频率和每次时长。
荟萃分析共纳入10项研究，843名参与者。结果显示，长期锻炼对超重儿童的执行功能有统计学上显著但相对较小的总体积极影响（= 0.3，95%置信区间0.16 - 0.44，< 0.01）。重要的是，不存在显著异质性（= 11.64，= 12，= 0.48；= 0）。
无论干预持续时间、每周频率或每次时长如何，长期锻炼干预对执行功能都有一致的积极影响。然而，鉴于研究数量和设计存在局限性，需要进一步开展高质量研究以强化这些结论。
PROSPERO标识符（CRD42023468588）。
