Li Xuening, Wang Jing, Yu Huasen, Liu Yang, Xu Xiaoling, Lin Jiabin, Yang Ning
Brain and Cognition Research Center (CerCo), Université Paul Sabatier (Toulouse III), Toulouse, CHU Purpan, France.
School of Physical Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China.
PeerJ. 2024 Feb 29;12:e17059. doi: 10.7717/peerj.17059. eCollection 2024.
Resilience is vital for improving mental health and well-being during adolescence, which is an important yet vulnerable period. Previous research has indicated that physical activity enhances individual resilience. However, limited studies have examined underlying psychological mechanisms between them. The current study aimed to investigate the effect of physical activity on adolescent resilience self-efficacy and basic psychological needs.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 1,732 high school students aged 16 to 20 years old (mean age: 16.51 ± 0.77 years), with nearly equal number of boys (47.63%) and girls (52.37%). They each completed the Physical Exercise Questionnaire, Basic Psychological Needs in Exercise Scale, General Self-Efficacy Scale, and Resilience Scale, respectively. A serial indirect model was constructed to examine how physical activity influences resilience.
Structural equation model analysis revealed that physical activity significantly and directly predicted resilience. When self-efficacy and basic psychological needs were included in the model, both direct and indirect effects were observed. Specifically, the positive relationship between physical activity and resilience was partially mediated by self-efficacy and basic psychological needs. In addition, basic psychological needs and self-efficacy were found to serially mediate the direct relathonship between physical activity and resilience.
The present study provides novel theoretical insights into sports psychology by establishing a link between basic psychological needs and self-efficacy. The findings have implications for school administrators and physical education instructors in designing targeted interventions to promote adolescent resilience. These interventions may involve creating supportive environment conductive to fulfilling students' basic psychological needs, implementing strategies to enhance self-efficacy beliefs, and providing opportunities for skill development and mastery experiences in sports and physical activities.
复原力对于改善青少年时期的心理健康和幸福感至关重要，青少年时期是一个重要但又脆弱的阶段。先前的研究表明，体育活动可增强个体的复原力。然而，对二者之间潜在心理机制的研究较少。本研究旨在探讨体育活动对青少年复原力、自我效能感和基本心理需求的影响。
对1732名年龄在16至20岁（平均年龄：16.51±0.77岁）的高中生进行了横断面调查，男女生人数近乎相等（男生占47.63%，女生占52.37%）。他们分别完成了体育锻炼问卷、运动中的基本心理需求量表、一般自我效能量表和复原力量表。构建了一个系列间接模型来检验体育活动如何影响复原力。
结构方程模型分析表明，体育活动显著且直接地预测了复原力。当模型中纳入自我效能感和基本心理需求时，观察到了直接和间接效应。具体而言，体育活动与复原力之间的正向关系部分由自我效能感和基本心理需求介导。此外，发现基本心理需求和自我效能感依次介导了体育活动与复原力之间的直接关系。
本研究通过建立基本心理需求与自我效能感之间的联系，为运动心理学提供了新的理论见解。这些发现对学校管理人员和体育教师设计有针对性的干预措施以促进青少年复原力具有启示意义。这些干预措施可能包括营造有利于满足学生基本心理需求的支持性环境、实施增强自我效能信念的策略，以及提供体育和身体活动中技能发展和掌握经验的机会。
