Carnevali Laura, Valori Irene, Mason Giorgia, Altoè Gianmarco, Farroni Teresa
Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Chair of Acoustics and Haptics, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Front Psychiatry. 2024 Feb 19;15:1355068. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1355068. eCollection 2024.
Interpersonal motor synchrony (IMS) is the spontaneous, voluntary, or instructed coordination of movements between interacting partners. Throughout the life cycle, it shapes social exchanges and interplays with intra- and inter-individual characteristics that may diverge in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Here we perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize the extant literature and quantify the evidence about reduced IMS in dyads including at least one participant with a diagnosis of ASD.
Empirical evidence from sixteen experimental studies was systematically reviewed, encompassing spontaneous and instructed paradigms as well as a paucity of measures used to assess IMS. Of these, thirteen studies (n = 512 dyads) contributed measures of IMS with an in situ neurotypical partner (TD) for ASD and control groups, which could be used for meta-analyses.
Reduced synchronization in ASD-TD dyads emerged from both the systematic review and meta-analyses, although both small and large effect sizes (i.e., Hedge's g) in favor of the control group are consistent with the data (Hedge's g = .85, p < 0.001, 95% CI[.35, 1.35], 95% PI[-.89, 2.60]).
Uncertainty is discussed relative to the type of task, measures, and age range considered in each study. We further discuss that sharing similar experiences of the world might help to synchronize with one another. Future studies should not only assess whether reduced IMS is consistently observed in ASD-TD dyads and how this shapes social exchanges, but also explore whether and how ASD-ASD dyads synchronize during interpersonal exchanges.
人际运动同步（IMS）是指互动伙伴之间自发、自愿或受指导的动作协调。在整个生命周期中，它塑造了社会交流以及与个体内和个体间特征的相互作用，而这些特征在自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）中可能会有所不同。在这里，我们进行了一项系统综述和荟萃分析，以总结现有文献并量化关于在至少有一名被诊断为ASD的参与者的二元组中IMS降低的证据。
系统回顾了16项实验研究的实证证据，包括自发和指导范式以及用于评估IMS的少量测量方法。其中，13项研究（n = 512个二元组）提供了与ASD和对照组的原位神经典型伙伴（TD）进行IMS测量的数据，可用于荟萃分析。
系统综述和荟萃分析均显示ASD-TD二元组中的同步性降低，尽管支持对照组的小效应量和大效应量（即Hedge's g）均与数据一致（Hedge's g =.85，p < 0.001，95% CI[.35, 1.35]，95% PI[-.89, 2.60]）。
讨论了每项研究中所考虑的任务类型、测量方法和年龄范围的不确定性。我们进一步讨论了分享相似的世界体验可能有助于彼此同步。未来的研究不仅应评估在ASD-TD二元组中是否始终观察到IMS降低以及这如何塑造社会交流，还应探索ASD-ASD二元组在人际交流过程中是否以及如何同步。
