Iffland Judith A, Volz Theres, Gubi-Kelm Silvia
Department Psychology, Institute for Forensic Psychology and Medicine (IFPM), Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
Front Psychol. 2024 Feb 19;15:1352091. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1352091. eCollection 2024.
Verbal content analyses to differentiate truthful and fabricated statements, such as the Criteria-Based Content Analysis (CBCA), are used in lie detection research as well as in practice to assess the credibility of statements in criminal court proceedings. Meta-analyses demonstrate validity of verbal content analyses above chance, but the traditional research paradigms usually lack either ecological or internal validity. The authors discuss the usage of immersive virtual reality scenarios to solve this dilemma, as both types of validity can be increased by this approach. In this integrative review of existing literature on the current use of virtual scenarios in forensic and victimology research, the authors extract strengths and limitations for possible VR studies in the context of verbal content analysis. Furthermore, novel ethical challenges involved are summarized and implications for future studies proposed. Overall, we argue in favor of using virtual reality scenarios to validate methods for verbal content analysis, but also urge to consider ethical limitations regarding unwanted short- and long-term aftereffects.
言语内容分析，如基于标准的内容分析（CBCA），用于区分真实陈述和伪造陈述，在测谎研究以及实践中，用于评估刑事法庭诉讼中陈述的可信度。元分析表明言语内容分析的有效性高于随机水平，但传统研究范式通常缺乏生态效度或内部效度。作者讨论了使用沉浸式虚拟现实场景来解决这一困境，因为这种方法可以提高两种效度。在对现有关于虚拟场景在法医学和受害者学研究中当前应用的文献进行的综合综述中，作者提取了在言语内容分析背景下可能进行的虚拟现实研究的优势和局限性。此外，总结了所涉及的新的伦理挑战，并提出了对未来研究的启示。总体而言，我们主张使用虚拟现实场景来验证言语内容分析方法，但也敦促考虑有关不良短期和长期后遗症的伦理限制。
