Proshina Ekaterina, Martynova Olga, Portnova Galina, Khayrullina Guzal, Sysoeva Olga
Centre for Cognition and Decision Making, Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia.
Laboratory of Human Higher Nervous Activity, Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of RAS, Moscow, Russia.
Front Neuroinform. 2024 Feb 21;18:1339590. doi: 10.3389/fninf.2024.1339590. eCollection 2024.
Mental disorders are a significant concern in contemporary society, with a pressing need to identify biological markers. Long-range temporal correlations (LRTC) of brain rhythms have been widespread in clinical cohort studies, especially in major depressive disorder (MDD). However, research on LRTC in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is severely limited. Given the high co-occurrence of OCD and MDD, we conducted a comparative LRTC investigation. We assumed that the LRTC patterns will allow us to compare measures of brain cortical balance of excitation and inhibition in OCD and MDD, which will be useful in the area of differential diagnosis.
In this study, we used the 64-channel resting state EEG of 29 MDD participants, 26 OCD participants, and a control group of 37 volunteers. Detrended fluctuation analyzes was used to assess LRTC.
Our results indicate that all scaling exponents of the three subject groups exhibited persistent LRTC of EEG oscillations. There was a tendency for LRTC to be higher in disorders than in controls, but statistically significant differences were found between the OCD and control groups in the entire frontal and left parietal occipital areas, and between the MDD and OCD groups in the middle and right frontal areas.
We believe that these results indicate abnormalities in the inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitter systems, predominantly affecting areas related to executive functions.
精神障碍是当代社会的一个重大问题，迫切需要识别生物标志物。脑节律的长程时间相关性（LRTC）在临床队列研究中已广泛应用，尤其是在重度抑郁症（MDD）中。然而，强迫症（OCD）中LRTC的研究极为有限。鉴于OCD和MDD的高共病率，我们进行了一项LRTC比较研究。我们假设LRTC模式将使我们能够比较OCD和MDD中大脑皮层兴奋与抑制平衡的测量值，这在鉴别诊断领域将很有用。
在本研究中，我们使用了29名MDD参与者、26名OCD参与者和37名志愿者组成的对照组的64通道静息态脑电图。去趋势波动分析用于评估LRTC。
我们的结果表明，三个受试者组的所有标度指数均表现出脑电图振荡的持续LRTC。疾病组的LRTC有高于对照组的趋势，但在整个额叶和左侧顶枕叶区域，OCD组与对照组之间，以及在额叶中部和右侧区域，MDD组与OCD组之间存在统计学显著差异。
我们认为这些结果表明抑制性和兴奋性神经递质系统存在异常，主要影响与执行功能相关的区域。
