Kannan Suthanthira, Nelliyanil Maria, Mendagudli Roopa, Rajeshwari Swetha, Kona Chandralekha, Kundapur Rashmi, Sathyanath Shreyaswi, Kulkarni Vaman, Aggarwal Sumit
Department of Community Medicine, ESIC Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Department of Community Medicine, AJ Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.
J Educ Health Promot. 2024 Jan 22;12:435. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_208_23. eCollection 2023.
NAFLD is emerging as an important cause of liver disease in India. It is estimated that 16-32% of general population in India (nearly 120 million) has NAFLD.
This study aimed to identify the risk factors of NAFLD and to identify the association of lifestyle (dietary and physical activity), genetic, and environmental factors with NAFLD in India.
A systematic literature search was conducted using an international electronic database: PubMed (MEDLINE) and Google Scholar from the date of inception 31 March 2021 to 28 September 2021. We included studies examining patients with NAFLD: Adults above 18 years of age. Studies with or without a control population were both eligible. The studies with a diagnosis of NAFLD based solely on abnormal liver tests were excluded. We tried to get unpublished data but they were not of the quality of inclusion. Meta-analysis was performed using the software STATA 14.2 (StataCorp, College Station, TX, USA). For each of the studies, the standard error was calculated using the reported number of outcomes and the sample size. A forest plot was used to graphically represent the study-specific and pooled prevalence estimates for overall and subgroup analysis.
In a systematic review and meta-analysis of 8 studies including data from over 1800 individuals, we found that among components of lipid profile, LDL and HDL had a negative effects on NAFLD while triglycerides had a positive effect on NAFLD.
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension, and Obesity were the potential risk factors for NAFLD but the evidence generated was only from single studies.
非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）正在成为印度肝脏疾病的一个重要病因。据估计，印度普通人群中有16%-32%（近1.2亿人）患有NAFLD。
本研究旨在确定NAFLD的风险因素，并确定生活方式（饮食和体育活动）、遗传和环境因素与印度NAFLD之间的关联。
使用国际电子数据库进行系统的文献检索：从2021年3月31日开始至2021年9月28日的PubMed（MEDLINE）和谷歌学术。我们纳入了对NAFLD患者的研究：18岁以上的成年人。有或没有对照人群的研究均符合条件。仅基于肝脏检查异常诊断为NAFLD的研究被排除。我们试图获取未发表的数据，但它们不符合纳入标准。使用STATA 14.2软件（美国德克萨斯州大学站市的StataCorp公司）进行荟萃分析。对于每项研究，使用报告的结局数量和样本量计算标准误差。森林图用于以图形方式表示总体和亚组分析的研究特异性和合并患病率估计值。
在一项对8项研究的系统评价和荟萃分析中，纳入了来自1800多名个体的数据，我们发现，在血脂谱成分中，低密度脂蛋白（LDL）和高密度脂蛋白（HDL）对NAFLD有负面影响，而甘油三酯对NAFLD有正面影响。
2型糖尿病、高血压和肥胖是NAFLD的潜在风险因素，但所产生的证据仅来自单一研究。
